China Online Banking Report, 2005-2006

Publication Date	September 2006
Publisher	Research in China
Product Type	Report
Pages	120
ISBN Number	not applicable
Product Code	RIC00005

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Summary

Worldwide rapid development of e-business booms up electronic payment and online transfer in which the online banking plays an important role. Electronic money, e-money for short, which was brought together with online banking, provides strong support for electronic payment with its specific online payment functions. As final executant of electronic payment and balancing, online banks act as a bridge between buyers and sellers, through which the most pivotal factor and highest level in e-business e-payment service is provided.

Three periods exist in online banking development: the first is computer-aided banking management from 1950s to the late 1980s; the second is electronic banking from late 1980s to middle of 1990s; the third is online banking from late 1990s until now.

There are two patterns of online banking: online-only and e-branch. Online-only bank refers to financial institutions that provide saving, inquiry, transfer and other services only through online. Such bank widely exists in the USA and Europe. In China, because it is regulated in Temporary Methods of online banking Business Management of People's Bank of China (PBC), there's no legal environment for online-only bank. Practically, from the positive attitude of China's national commercial banks and consuming habits of clients, there's no commercial space for online-only bank in China.

Present development situation of China banks is that four state-owned commercial banks take the leading position, middle and small commercial banks coexist with joint ventures and service items increase with the users. According to the data from CBRC (China Banking Regulatory Commission ), the total China's banking asset was 37 trillion in which ICBC (Industry and Commercial Bank of China ) shared RMB6.4 trillion, ABC (Agricultural Bank of China ) RMB4.8 trillion, BOC (Bank of China )RMB4.7 trillion, and CBC (Construction Bank of China ) RMB4.2 trillion, while other small and middle commercial banks and joint ventures share less thanRMB1 trillion, in which CMB (China Merchants Bank ) hold the highest asset of RMB0.7657 trillion.

BOC and CMB started their online banking service in 1998, then ICBC,CBC,BOCOM( Bank of Communications),CEB(China Everbright Bank) and ABC followed. BEA was authorized by PBC to open individual online banking business in Aug 2002. HSBC provided individual online banking service for local and international customers formally in Dec 2002.Citibank was authorized by PBC to provide both enterprise and individual online banking service. From Jan 2004, Hangseng began to provide individual online banking service in Shenzhen, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Fuzhou and other places. User number of online banking has increased at a high speed in recent years, especially in developed cities; online banking enjoys a high popularization. Until 2005, there were 740,000 enterprise online banking users and the revenue of enterprise online banking in 2005 was 70 trillion. At the end of 2005, the user number reached 34 million and the overall turnover surpassed RMB 2 trillion.

Till the end of 2005, number of China's netizen has exceeded 100 million and China's annual turnover of e-business was more than 0.68 trillion. Huge number of netizen is a guarantee for the development of China's online banking while at the same time the large scale of e-business and online banking also mutually promote development of each other.

Laws and regulations of China's online banking are being improved continuously.

Since 1990s, with the worldwide rise of electronic bank, China's electronic bank businesses of commercial bank developed rapidly. In order to regulate commercial banks to develop business through the Internet, PBC issued Temporary Methods of Online banking Business Management in June 2001.

Bill of Electronic Signature has been in enforcement since Apr 1, 2005. Good online credit mechanism and fruitful net transaction channels are thus established, through which the history lack of law guarantee is ended and the development of e-business and online banking is promoted.

In order to control risk of electronic bank business, CBRC issued Electronic Bank Business Management Methods and Electronic Bank security Assessment Direction in late 2005 and early 2006. Both of the two regulations began to affect since Mar 1, 2006.

In early 2006, Hexun introduced an activity of China online banking evaluation. 16 Chinese major commercial banks were involved. Through investigating both domestic and overseas individual online banking relative functions comprehensive evaluations with an excluded index system (consisted of more than 30 indicators and more than 200 items) from three aspects public confidence indicator, platform performance indicator and business performance indicator. ICBC and CMB got the first and second position with exclusive advantage while CIB, CMBC and SPDB performed prominently.

Content

1. Overview of online banking
- 1.1 Definition of online banking
- 1.2 Advantages of online banking
- 1.3 Functions of online banking
  - 1.3.1 Banking business
  - 1.3.2 Information issue
  - 1.3.3 Business service
- 1.4 Status of online banking in E-business
- 1.5 Operating mechanism of online banking
2. Development of online banking overseas
- 2.1 Development periods of online banking
- 2.2 Development of online banking in the USA
  - 2.2.1 Introduction on Wells Fargo in the USA
- 2.3 Development of online banking in Europe
  - 2.3.1 Introduction of Entrium Direct Bankers in Germany
- 2.4 Development of online banking in Japan
- 2.5 Several revelations of online banking development overseas for banking industry of China
- 2.6 Development trends of online banking worldwide
3. Development of online banking in China
- 3.1 Basic patterns of online banking
  - 3.1.1 Specialties of online-only bank
  - 3.1.2 Specialties of electronic branch bank
- 3.2 Developing actuality of online banking in China
  - 3.2.1 Overview of Development of online banking in China
  - 3.2.2 Actuality of enterprise online banking in China
  - 3.2.3 Actuality of individual online banking in China
  - 3.2.4 Revenue situation of online banking in China
  - 3.2.5 Comparison between domestic online banking and overseas online banking
- 3.3 Development trends of online banking in China
  - 3.3.1 Technology development trends of online banking in China
  - 3.3.2 Service development trends of online banking in China
  - 3.3.3 Policy development trends of online banking in China
4. Analysis on development environment of online banking in China
- 4.1 Development actuality of online in China
  - 4.1.1 online infrastructure situation in China
  - 4.1.2 Netizen situation in China
  - 4.1.3 Development actuality of E-business in China
- 4.2 Actuality of online banking users in China
  - 4.2.1 The number of online banking users in China
  - 4.2.2 Turnover of online banking in China
  - 4.2.3 Distribution situation of online banking user in China
- 4.3 Analysis on market environment of online banking in China
  - 4.3.1 Analysis on cyber economy environment in China
  - 4.3.2 Analysis on market environment of online banking
- 4.4 Problems face with development of online banking in China
  - 4.4.1 Infrastructure problem
  - 4.4.2 Hardware problem
  - 4.4.3 Software problem
  - 4.4.4 Main risks and preventions of online banking in China
  - 4.4.5 Card issue situation
5. Value chain of online banking in China
- 5.1 Value chain framework of online banking
- 5.2 Analysis on value chain of online banking
  - 5.2.1 PBC
  - 5.2.2 CBRC
  - 5.2.3 Policy-bank
  - 5.2.4 CFCA
  - 5.2.5 Commercial bank
  - 5.2.6 Analysis on consumer behavior
6. Analysis on representative online bankings in China
- 6.1 Online banking of ICBC
  - 6.1.1 Online banking business of ICBC
    - 6.1.1.1 Enterprise online banking business of ICBC
    - 6.1.1.2 Individual online banking business of ICBC
  - 6.1.2 Charges of online banking of ICBC
    - 6.1.2.1 Charges of enterprise online banking of ICBC
    - 6.1.2.2 Charges of individual online banking of ICBC
  - 6.1.3 Competition strategy of online banking of ICBC
- 6.2 Online banking of CMB
  - 6.2.1 Online banking business of CMB
    - 6.2.1.1 Development history
    - 6.2.1.2 Introduction of online banking of CMB
  - 6.2.2 Analysis on the success factors of online banking of CMB
- 6.3 Online banking of CBC
  - 6.3.1 Online banking business of CBC
    - 6.3.1.1 Optimization of individual consumer system
    - 6.3.1.2 Optimization of enterprise consumer system
  - 6.3.2 Evaluation of competition capacity of online banking
  - 6.3.3 Competition strategy of CBC online banking
- 6.4 Online banking of BOC
  - 6.4.1 Business
    - 6.4.1.1 Enterprise online banking business
    - 6.4.1.2 Characteristics
    - 6.4.1.3 Individual online banking business
  - 6.4.2 Service access
- 6.5 Online banking of ABC
  - 6.5.1 Business
    - 6.5.1.1Individual online banking business
    - 6.5.1.2 Enterprise online banking business of ABC
  - 6.5.2 Register and Service Access for enterprise online banking
- 6.6 Online banking of CIB
  - 6.6.1 Business
- 6.7 Online banking of CMBC
  - 6.7.1 Business
    - 6.7.1.1 Individual online banking business
    - 6.7.1.2 Enterprise online banking business
  - 6.8 Online banking of SPDB
    - 6.8.1 Business
  - 6.9 Comparison of charges of typical online bankings
- 7. Evaluation of typical online bankings in China
  - 7.1 General evaluation
  - 7.2 Platform ranking
  - 7.3 Public confidence ranking
  - 7.4 Business ranking