Enabling Technologies for the Smart Grid

Publication Date	March 2009
Publisher	BCC Research
Product Type	Report
Pages	174
ISBN Number	not applicable
Product Code	BCC00275

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Summary

The century-old U.S. electrical grid has been called the largest interconnected machine on earth. It consists of more than 9,200 electric generating units with more than one million megawatts of generating capacity connected to more than 300 thousand miles of transmission lines. However, the grid is showing its age. There have been massive blackouts in recent years, including the 2003 Northeast blackout, the worst in the nation's history. Although it was accidental, the 2003 blackout was a reminder of the grid's vulnerability to terrorist attack.

This BCC research report offers a comprehensive picture of trends in the current U.S. smart grid technologies industry, and makes market projections over a 5-year period, from 2009 to the end of 2014. It covers the major enabling technologies for the smart grid including communications, sensing and measurement, advanced components, control technologies, and interface and decision support technologies.

The report analyzes the technical, economic and other demand drivers for these products and identifi es the smart grid technologies with the greatest commercial potential within the next 5 years. The economic environment for the transition to a smart grid is assessed in relation to governmental policies and regulations that aff ect growth in the industry. Profi les of major companies in the U.S. also are included.

The scope of this report is broad and includes:

Descriptions of how smart grid technology can reduce fossil fuel use by decreasing demand, decreasing the use of ineffi cient technologies, decreasing transmission losses and increasing the use of renewable energy sources
The current U.S. market status for smart grid technologies, with trends and forecasts for growth through 2014
Detailed discussion of the qualities of a smart grid including energy effi ciency, higher-quality power, resistance to attack and self-healing capabilities
Analysis of the challenges and benefi ts of adopting smart grid technology
A thorough patent analysis.

Why you should buy this report:

To identify the business opportunities that will arise over the next 5 years as products using smart grid technologies increase their market penetration
To revise or reinforce product development and marketing plans based on an understanding of the technical, economic and other demand drivers for smart grid products
To understand the macro-level political and economic forces shaping the market for smart grid technologies
To learn about the potential of new technologies to meet energy effi ciency needs and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Content

Chapter One: Introduction
- Goals And Objectives
- Intended Audience
- Scope And Format
- Methodology
- Author's Credentials
- Related Bcc Research
- Bcc Online Services
- Disclaimer
Chapter Two: Executive Summary
- Summary Table U S. Market For Smart Grid Technologies, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
- Summary Figure U S. Market For Smart Grid Technologies, 2007-2014 ($ Millions)
- Definitions
- Benefits Of Smart Grids
  - Direct Benefits
    - Benefits To Utilities
      - Lower Capital Costs
      - Reduced Operating Costs
    - Benefits To Users
      - Improved Quality And Reliability
      - Lower Costs
      - Figure 1 Average Retail Price Of Electricity, 2000-2008 (Cents/Kwh)
      - Greater Consumer Choice
  - Indirect Benefits
    - Reduced Consumption Of Fossil Fuels
    - Figure 2 U S. Electricity Generation By Fuel Type, 2006 (%)
    - Table 1 U S. Consumption Of Fossil Fuels For Electicity Generation, Through
    - Improved Balance Of Payments Position
    - Figure 3 U S. Fossil Fuel Imports, 2007 (Percent Of Total Fossil Fuel Imports)
    - Enhanced National Security
    - Job Creation
    - Economic Development
    - Environmental Benefits
- The Path To A Smart Grid
  - Grid
    - Regional Interconnections
    - Local Distribution, Mini- And Micro-Grids
  - National Electric Delivery Technologies Roadmap
    - Figure 4 National Electricity Delivery Technologies Overall Roadmap
    - Figure 5 National Electricity Delivery Roadmap For Developing Critical Technologies
  - Early Adopters
    - Southern California Edison Company
    - Pacific Northwest Gridwise Demonstration
    - Txu Energy Broadband Over Powerline Smart Grid
    - Xcel Energy Smart Grid City
- Enabling Technologies For The Smart Grid
  - Table 2 Major Classes Of Smart Grid Enabling Technologies
  - Communications Technologies
  - Sensing And Measurement Technologies
  - Advanced Components
  - Control Technologies
  - Interface And Decision Support Technologies
- Market Summary
  - Table 3 U S. Market For Smart Grid Technologies By Type Of Technology, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
  - Figure 6 U S. Market For Smart Grid Technologies, 2014 ($ Millions)
  - Figure 7 U S. Smart Grid Technologies Market Shares, 2007-2014 ($ Millions)
Chapter Three: Market Environment For Smart Grid Enabling Technologies
- Legal And Regulatory Environment
  - Barriers To Smart Grid Deployment
    - Federal-State Coordination
    - Cost Recovery
    - Other Incentives To Increase Grid Efficiency
    - Least Cost Planning
    - Environmental, Public Health And Safety Impacts
    - Lack Of Standards
  - Legislation And Regulation
    - Federal Initiatives
      - Energy Policy Act Of
      - Energy Independence And Security Act Of 2007
        
        Section 1302. Smart Grid System Report
        
        Section 1303. Smart Grid Advisory
        
        Committee And Smart Grid Task Force
        
        Section 1304. Smart Grid Technology
        
        Research, Development, And
        
        Demonstration
        
        Section 1305. Smart Grid Interoperability
        
        Framework
        
        Section 1306. Federal Matching Funds For
        
        Smart Grid Investment Costs
        
        Section 1307. State Consideration Of Smart
        
        Grid
        
        Section 1308. Study Of The Effect Of Private
        
        Wire Laws On The Development Of
        
        Combined Heat And Power Facilities
        
        Section 1309. Doe Study Of Security
        
        Attributes Of Smart Grid Systems
      - Emergency Economic Stabilization Act Of
    - Federal Regulation
      - Rulings Expanding Use Of Demand Response
      - Assessment Of Demand Response And Advanced Metering
    - State Legislation And Regulation
      - Arizona
        
        Regulation On Time-Based Rates
      - California
        
        California Senate Bill
        
        California Senate Bill
      - Colorado
        
        House Bill
      - Illinois
        
        Senate Bill
      - Maryland
        
        Empower Maryland Energy Efficiency Act
      - Massachusetts
        
        Green Communities Act
      - Michigan
        
        Smart Grid Collaborative
        
        Advanced Metering Infrastructure
        
        Standards
      - Oregon
        
        Approval Of Smart Meters
      - Pennsylvania
        
        Act
      - Texas
        
        Rules For Smart Metering
        
        Public Utility Commission Report On
        
        Advanced Metering
      - Vermont
        
        Energy Efficiency And Affordability Act Of
- Financial And Economic Environment
  - Financing The Smart Grid
    - Government Funded Programs
      - Government-Funded R&d
        
        Federal R&d
        
        State-Financed R&d
      - Smart Grid Pilot And Demonstration Projects
      - Matching Grants For Smart Grid Investments
      - Capital Investments
        
        American Reinvestment And Recovery
        
        Plan Of
- Utilities
  - Availability Of Capital Funding
  - Incentives To Invest In Smart Grid Technologies
  - Figure 8 Annual Growth In U S. Electricity Consumption, 1997-2009 (%)
  - Figure 9 Cost Of Natural Gas And Fuel Oils Used In U S. Electric Generating Plants, 2007-2009 ($ Per Million Btus)
    - R&d
Chapter Four: Integrated Communications For Smart Grids: Technologies And Markets
- Summary
  - Table 4 U S. Market For Integrated Smart Grid Communications Technologies, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
  - Figure 10 Trends In U S. Market For Integrated Smart Grid Communications, 2007-2014 ($ Millions)
- Home Area Networks
  - Technologies
    - Table 5 Enabling Technologies For Smart Grid Home Area Networks
    - Zigbee
    - Wi-Fi
    - Z-Wave
    - In-Home Powerline Communications
  - Commercial Status And Obstacles To Deployment
    - Table 6 Companies That Market Or Are Developing Communications Technologies For Smart Grid Hans
  - Markets
    - Table 7 Market For Smart Grid Han Communicaton Technologies, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
- Neighborhood Area Networks
  - Technologies
    - Table 8 Enabling Technologies For Smart Grid Home Area Networks
    - Broadband Over Power Line
    - Meshed Wi-Fi
    - Zigbee
    - Wimax
    - Licensed Spectrum
  - Commercial Status And Obstacles To Deployment
  - Providers
  - Table 9 Companies That Market Or Are Developing Communications Technologies For Smart Grid Nans
  - Market
  - Table 10 Market For Smart Grid Nan Communicaton Technologies, Through 2014 (Million Connections/$ Millions)
- Backbone Communications
  - Technologies
  - Markets
  - Table 11 Market For Smart Grid Backbone Communicaton Technologies, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
Chapter Five: Sensing And Measurement For Smart Grids: Technologies And Markets,
- Summary
  - Table 12 U S. Market For Smart Grid Sensing And Measurement Technologies, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
  - Figure 11 Trends In The U S. Market For Smart Grid Sensing And Measurement, 2007-2014 ($ Millions)
- Smart Metering
  - Technologies
  - Commercial Status And Barriers To Deployment
  - Producers
  - Table 13 Smart Meter Producers
  - Market
  - Table 14 Market For Smart Meters And Related Technologies, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
- Wide Area Measurement Systems
  - Technology
  - Commercial Status And Barriers To Deployment
  - Providers
  - Table 15 Providers Of Technologies For Smart Grid Wams
  - Markets
  - Table 16 Market For Pmus And Related Wams Technologies, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
- Dynamic Line Rating Sensors
  - Technology
    - Online Methods
    - Offline Methods
  - Commercial Status And Barriers To Deployment
  - Providers
    - Table 17 Providers Of Technologies For Smart Grid Wams
  - Market
    - Table 18 Market For Dynamic Line Rating Sensors And Related Technologies, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
- Insulator Leakage Sensors
  - Technologies
  - Commercial Status And Barriers To Deployment
  - Providers
  - Market
  - Table 19 U S. Market For Remote Insulator Leakage Current Sensors For Smart Grid Applications, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
- Other Monitoring Systems
  - Technologies
  - Commercial Status And Obstacles To Deployment
  - Providers
  - Table 20 Providers Of Other Types Of Smart Grid Sensing And Measuring Technologies
  - Markets
  - Table 21 U S. Market For Other Monitoring And Sensing Technologies For Smart Grid Applications, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
Chapter Six: Advanced Components For Smart Grids: Technologies And Markets,
- Summary
  - Table 22 U S. Market For Advanced Smart Grid Components, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
  - Figure 12 Trends In U S. Market For Advanced Smart Grid Components, 2007-2014 ($ Millions)
- Power Electronics
  - Technologies
  - Table 23 Types Of Power Electronic Devices
  - Commercial Status And Obstacles To Deployment
  - Providers
  - Table 24 Providers Of Power Electronics Devices For Smart Grid Applications
  - Markets
  - Table 25 U S. Power Electronics Market For Smart Grid Applications, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
- Fault Current Limiters
  - Technology
    - Resistive Fcls
    - Inductive Fcls
  - Commercial Status And Obstacles To Deployment
  - Providers
  - Table 26 Suppliers Of Fault Current Limiters
  - Market
  - Table 27 U S. Electic Utility Market For Fault Current Limiters, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
- High-Capacity Transmission Cable
  - Technologies
    - Superconducting Cable
    - High Capacity Overhead Conductor Cable
      - Aluminum Conductor Composite Core Cable
      - Aluminum Conductor Composite Reinforced Cable
      - Annealed Aluminum, Steel-Supported Trapezoidal Cross Section Conductor Wire
  - Commercial Status And Barriers To Deployment
  - Providers
  - Table 28 Providers Of High-Capacity Transmission Cable For The Smart Grid
  - Market
    - Table 29 Market For Advanced Electric Transmission Cable, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
    - Superconducting Cable
    - Table 30 Market For Superconducting Electric Transmission Cable, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
    - High Capacity Overhead Conductor Cable
      - Table 31 Market For High-Capacity Overhead Conductor Cable, 2007 Through 2014 ($ Millions)
      - Aluminum Conductor Composite Core Cable
      - Aluminum Conductor Composite Reinforced Cable
      - Annealed Aluminum, Steel-Supported Trapezoidal Cross Section Conductor Wire
- Distributed Energy Resources
  - Table 32 Market For Distributed Generation And Power Storage Systems, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
  - Distributed Generation Devices
    - Technologies
      - Photovoltaics
      - Table 33 Major Photovoltaic Technologies
      - Wind Turbine
      - Microturbines
      - Fuel Cells
      - Table 34 Major Fuel Cell Technologies
    - Providers
      - Table 35 Providers Of Distributed Generation Equipment
    - Markets
      - Table 36 Market For Distributed Generation Systems, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
      - Photovoltaics
      - Table 37 Projected U S. Consumption Of Photovoltaics, Through 2014 (Mw)
      - Table 38 Projected U S. Market For Grid-Connected Photovoltaics, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
      - Wind Turbines
      - Table 39 Projected U S. Market For Wind Turbines, Through 2014 (Gw/$ Millions)
      - Table 40 Projected U S. Market For Grid-Connected Wind Turbines, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
      - Fuel Cells
      - Table 41 U S. Fuel Cell Market By Technology Type, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
      - Microturbines
      - Table 42 Projected U S. Market For Grid-Connected Microturbines, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
  - Distributed Storage Systems
    - Technologies
      - Sodium-Sulfur Batteries
      - Vanadium Redox Batteries
      - Supercapacitors
      - Superconducting Power Storage
        
        Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage
        
        Superconducting Flywheel Energy Storage
      - Compressed Air Storage
      - Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles
    - Providers
      - Table 43 Providers Of Distributed Storage Equipment
    - Markets
      - Table 44 Market For Distributed Storage Systems, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
      - Nas Batteries
      - Table 45 U S. Market For Nas Battery Power Storage Systems, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
      - Vanadium Redox Batteries
      - Table 46 U S. Market For Vanadium Redox Battery Distirbuted Power Storage Systems, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
      - Superconducting Magnetic And Flywheel Storage
      - Table 47 U S. Market For Superconducting Power Storage Systems, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
      - Supercapacitors
      - Table 48 U S. Market For Supercapacitor Storage Systems, Through 2014 ($Millions)
      - Compressed Air Storage
      - Table 49 U S. Market For Compressed Air Storage Systems, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
      - Plug-In Hybrid Storage
      - Table 50 U S. Market For Grid Connected Phevs, Through 2014 (Number Of Vehicles/$ Millions)
Chapter Seven: Advanced Controls For Smart Grids: Technologies And Markets,
- Summary
  - Table 51 U S. Market For Advanced Smart Grid Control Technologies, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
  - Figure 13 Trends In The U S. Market For Advanced Smart Grid Components, 2007-2014 ($ Millions)
- Distributed Intelligent Agents
  - Technologies
    - Digital Protective Relays
    - Intelligent Tap Changers
    - Dynamic Circuit Rating Tools
    - Distributed Energy Management Systems
    - Grid-Friendly Appliance Controllers
    - Dynamic Distributed Power Flow Controllers
  - Producers And Developers
  - Table 52 Providers Of Distributed Intelligent Agents
  - Market
    - Table 53 Market For Distributed Intelligent Agents, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
    - Digital Protective Relays
    - Table 54 Market For Digital Protective Relays, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
    - Intelligent Tap Changers
    - Table 55 Market For Intelligent Tap Changers, Through 2014 ($Millions)
    - Energy Management Systems
    - Table 56 Market For Distributed Energy Management Systems, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
    - Grid Friendly Appliance Controllers
    - Table 57 Market For Grid-Friendly Appliance Controllers, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
    - Distributed Power Flow Controllers
    - Table 58 Market For Distributed Power Flow Controllers, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
- High Performance Computing
  - Technologies
  - Markets
    - Table 59 Market For Smart Grid-Related Distributed Computing Technoloiges, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
- Centralized Control Applications
  - Technologies
  - Table 60 Centralized Applications For The Smart Grid
  - Providers
  - Table 61 Providers Of Centralized Smart Grid Control Applications
  - Markets
  - Table 62 Market For Centralized Smart Grid Control Applications, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
- Interfaces And Decision Support Systems
  - Technologies
  - Table 63 Interface And Decision Support Technologies For The Smart Grid
  - Producers And Developers
  - Table 64 Providers Of Interface And Decision Support Technologies For Smart Grid Applications
  - Market
  - Table 65 Market For Interface And Decision Support Technologies For Smart Grid Applications, Through 2014 ($ Millions)
Appendix A: Company Profiles
- Integrated Communications
  - Alvarion, Inc.
  - Ambient Corp.
  - Amperion, Inc.
  - Arcadian Networks, Inc.
  - Arkados, Inc.
  - Current Group, Llc
  - Ember Corp.
  - Gainspan Corp.
  - Gridnet, Inc.
  - International Broadband Electric Communications, Inc.
  - Main Net Power Line Communications, Inc.
  - Mmb Research, Inc.
  - Ruggedcom Inc.
  - Smartsynch
  - Telkonet, Inc.
  - Zensys Inc.
- Smart Grid Sensing And Measurement Technologies
  - Smart Meters
    - Echelon Corp.
    - Elster Llc
    - Emeter Corp.
    - Energyict Inc.
    - Itron, Inc.
    - Landis+Gyr Ag
    - Sensus Metering Systems
    - Trilliant Networks
  - Wire Area Measurement Systems
    - Doubletree Systems, Inc.
    - Macrodyne, Inc.
    - Powerworld Corp.
  - Dynamic Line Rating
    - Electrotech, Inc.
    - Shaw Energy Delivery Services, Inc.
    - The Valley Group, Inc.
    - Usi Power
  - Insulator Current Leakage Sensors
    - Psp Technologies, Inc.
    - Telepathx
  - Other Sensors
    - Fiso
    - Intelligent Controls, Inc.
- Advanced Components
  - Power Electronics
    - Satcon Technology Corporation
    - Xantrex Technology Inc.
  - Fault Current Limiters
    - Nexans
    - Superpower Inc.
    - Zenergy Power Plc
  - Transmission Cable
    - American Superconductor Corp.
    - Composite Technology Corp.
    - Comverge, Inc.
    - Enernoc, Inc.
    - Hyper Tech Research, Inc.
    - Metal Oxide Technologies Inc.
    - 3m Company
    - Southwire Co.
- Distributed Generation
  - Microturbines
    - Capstone Turbine Corp.
  - Photovoltaics
    - Bp Solar International Llc
    - First Solar Llc
    - Heliovolt Corp.
    - Konarka Technologies, Inc.
  - Fuel Cells
    - Fuel Cell Energy, Inc.
    - Materials And Systems Research, Inc.
  - Distributed Storage
    - Accel Instruments Gmbh
    - Maxwell Technologies, Inc.
    - Ngk Insulators, Ltd.
    - V2green
    - Vrb Power Systems Inc.
- Smart Grid Controls
  - Distributed Intelligent Agents
  - Bpl Global, Ltd.
    - Gridpoint, Inc.
  - Centralized Control Applications
    - Intergraph Corp.
    - Milsoft Utility Solutions
  - Interface And Decision Support
    - Space-Time-Insight
Appendix B: Patent Analysis
- Table 66 Number Of U S. Smart Grid-Related Patents By Type Of Technology