Biotechnology in Australia

The OECD definition of biotechnology states that it is the application of Science & Technology to living organisms as well as parts, products and models thereof, to alter living or non-living materials for the production of knowledge, goods and services. Biotechnology includes; DNA (the coding), genomics, pharmaco-genetics, gene probes, DNA sequencing/synthesis/amplification, genetic engineering; Proteins and molecules (the functional blocks): protein/peptide sequencing/synthesis, lipid/protein glyco-engineering, proteomics, hormones, and growth factors, cell receptors/signalling/pheromones. Cell and tissue culture and engineering: cell/tissue culture, tissue engineering, hybridisation, cellular fusion, vaccine/immune stimulants, embryo manipulation. Process biotechnologies: Bioreactors, fermentation, bioprocessing, bioleaching, bio-pulping, bio-bleaching, biodesulphurization, bioremediation, and biofiltration; Sub-cellular organisms: gene therapy, viral vectors. (Source: OECD)