World Market for Starches/Glucose, Emphasizing Cassava

Publication Date	December 2006
Publisher	BCC Research
Product Type	Report
Pages	114
ISBN Number
Product Code	BCC00108

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Summary

Globally, the production of starch-containing crops outweighs all other industrial and food crops. Fifty percent of the world's average daily calorie intake is provided by such starch crops. The manufacturing of compound feed is also based on at least 50% starch crops, and for poultry and pigs, feeding systems are based even more on starch-derived energy. The extraction of starch from such agricultural commodities is one of the most important agro-industries worldwide and recently large-scale bio-fuel programs are also based on the conversion of starch into energy.

Globally the major commodities from which starch is derived are corn, wheat, cassava, potato and sweet potato. Starch may also be derived from barley, rice, and other cereals. However for the starch industry such sources are of subordinate importance. In addition to being important food stuff, starch from such crops has a variety of industrial uses. It is used in the food industry as a thickener, filler and binder; to manufacture sweeteners and syrups used in the soft drinks and brewing industry; in baked goods, confectionary and many other food products; and to produce sugar alcohols, which are widely used in the food and chemical industry. As a carbohydrate source it forms the basic feedstock for much fermentation processes of chemicals.

The demand for starch and starch-containing crops has been growing strongly for many years. This growth was accelerated in recent years and overshoots the growth of production of starch yielding agricultural products.

The reasons behind this trend are that in many regions of the world income is rising, which triggers the demand for meat products but also of products that need starch as a raw material for manufacturing, such as sweeteners and fermentation products. Additionally, the strongly increasing world demand for energy has induced an intensive build-up of an international bio-alcohol industry, which further adds demand for starch-containing crops. In fact the bio-ethanol programs in North America, Europe and Asia are responsible for demand growth rates in the past few years that have never been seen before.

As a result, annual production of the standard starch yielding crops-corn and wheat-is no longer high enough to meet demand. Stocks have decreased, reaching an all-time low in 2005/06. For starch-containing tubers, stocks cannot be stored as the crops perish quickly. Also, tuber demand is increasing more than annual production.

Consequently, industries that produce and use starch crops are faced with increasing raw material prices; and this trend will continue in coming years. In the past, starch crop prices fluctuated over a wide range, but available cereal stocks could buffer upward price trends. These price increases will induce also a change in current market conditions. Tubers, notably sweet potato and cassava, are all rich in starches. However, they have not yet been exploited for that purpose to the extent that wheat and corn have. This might change as cassava in particular shows great potential for increased production and utilization. Cassava is grown mostly in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Starch crop users and producers are increasingly looking at cassava as a future raw material. But can cassava really meet the future global demand for carbohydrates?

Scope Of Study

This report contains:

An extensive review of the historic development of starch crop production, with respect to corn, wheat, cassava, sweet potato, potato and rice
Historic grown rates and the dynamics of growth in various sectors
Extrapolations of starch crop utilization and of starch in various sectors
Global market forecast out to 2015
A thorough profiling of important companies within the industry

A detailed patent analysis and examination of new and upcoming technological trends.

Report Highlights

The global market for the structure of starch crop demand was more than 2.4 billion tons. At an average annual growth rate (AAGR) of 2.4%, this demand will reach almost 3.1 billion tons by 2015.
In industrialized countries direct food consumption may not change much since consumers will have the ability and be ready to pay higher prices for cereal and tuber crops and their manufactured products. In developing countries, however, the past trend to consume more potatoes and cereals on the expanse of other tubers will be reversed and people will tend to eat more sweet potato and cassava again.
Bio-ethanol starches have the highest growth potential, with a 10.3% AAGR and reaching more than 230 million tons by 2015.

Content

Introduction
- Study Goal And Objective
- Reasons For Doing The Study
- Contribution Of The Study And For Whom
- Scope And Format
- Methodology
- Information Sources
- Analyst's Credentials
Executive Summary
- Summary Table A: Structure Of Starch Crop Demand, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Summary Table B: Starch Crop Availability, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Summary Figure: Surplus/Deficit Of Major Starch Crops, 2015 (Million Tons)
Review Of Historic Developments In The Starch Crop And Starch Utilization Sector
- Development Of Production And Utilization Of Starch Crops
  - Development Of Production And Consumption Of Wheat
  - Production And Consumption Of Corn
  - Production And Consumption Of Rice
  - Production And Consumption Of Potato
  - Production And Consumption Of Sweet Potato
  - Production And Consumption Of Cassava
  - Structure Of Production Changes
  - Development Of Global Stocks
  - Price Development
  - Factors Driving Demand
    - Direct Human Consumption
    - Animal Feed
    - Seeding Rates And Waste
    - Usage For Industrial Purposes
    - Bio-Ethanol Production
    - Manufacturing Costs Of Bio-Ethanol By Raw Material
    - Starch Production
    - Starch Manufacturing Processes And Costs
    - Manufacturing Process For Cassava And Sweet Potato Starch
    - Manufacturing Process For Potato Starch
    - Manufacturing Process For Corn Starch
    - Manufacturing Process For Wheat
    - Manufacturing Costs Of Starch
    - Relationship Between Sweetener And Cereal Prices
    - Consumption Pattern Of Starch
- Development Of Starch Crop Consumption Through 2015
  - Future Demand Of Cereals And Of Tubers For Direct Food Consumption
  - Future Demand Of Cereals And Of Tubers For Feeding
  - Future Demand Of Cereals And Tubers For Bio-Ethanol Production
  - Future Demand Of Starch
    - Food And Sweetener Use
    - Future Demand For Fermentation
    - Antibiotics
    - Lysine
    - Threonine
    - Tryptophane
    - Monosodium-Glutamate (Msg)
    - Citric Acid
    - Gluconic Acid
    - Lactic Acid
    - Itaconic Acid
    - Enzymes
    - Xanthan
    - Riboflavin
    - Vitamin B12
    - Vitamin C
    - Erythorbic Acid
    - Summary Of Global Carbohydrate And Starch Demand For Fermentation
    - Future Demand Of Starches For Paper And Cardboards
    - Starch Demand For Other Applications
  - Summary Of Starch Demand Until 2015 And Relationship To Starch Crops
- Consequences For The Starch Crop Market
  - Structure Of Demand
    - Wheat
    - Corn
    - Rice
    - Potato
    - Sweet Potato
    - Cassava
  - Future Demand And Supply Balance Of Starch Crops
    - Wheat
    - Corn
    - Rice
    - Potato
    - Sweet Potato
    - Cassava
- Effects Of Diverging Supply And Demand On Grain And Tuber Production And Utilization Systems
  - Impact Of Increasing Grain And Tuber Prices On Usage Systems
    - Impact Of Increasing Starch Crop Prices On Direct Human Consumption Structure
    - Effect In Developed Countries
    - Effects In Developing Countries
    - Impact Of Increasing Starch Crop Prices On Animal Feed And Feeding Structure
    - Effects In Developed Countries
    - Effects In Developing Countries
    - Impact Of Increasing Cereal And Tuber Prices On Starch, Starch Derived, And Starch Depending Products
    - Impact Of Increasing Cereal And Tuber Prices On Bio-Ethanol
  - Has Cassava The Potential To Develop Into A Major Starch Crop?
Strategies And Profiles Of Major Starch Producers
- The Global Agro-Processor
  - The Starch Specialist With A Limited Portfolio Of Starch Derivatives
  - The Starch Specialist With A Portfolio Of Chemically Modified Starches
- Company Profiles
  - Global Agro-Processors
    - Cargill
    - Adm
    - Tate & Lyle
    - Bunge
  - Starch Specialists With A Limited Portfolio Of Starch Derivatives
    - Roquette
    - Corn Products International (Cpi)
    - Avebe
  - Starch Specialists With A Portfolio Of Chemically Modified Starches
    - National Starch
  - The Asian Agro-Processor With Roots In Cassava Processing
    - Keng Seng Group Of Companies
    - Thai Wah Group
    - Pt Budi Acid Jaya Tbk
- Summary Table A: Structure Of Starch Crop Demand, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
List Of Figures
- Summary Table B: Starch Crop Availability, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 1 Starch Crop Availability, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 2 Development Of Production And Consumption Of Wheat, Through 2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 3 Development Of Production And Consumption Of Corn, Through 2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 4 Development Of Production And Consumption Of Rice, Through 2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 5 Development Of Production And Consumption Of Potato, Through 2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 6 Development Of Production And Consumption Of Sweet Potato, Through 2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 7 Development Of Production And Consumption Of Cassava, Through 2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 8 Development Of Surface Under Starch Crops, Through 2005 (Million Ha)
- Table 9 Development Of Yields Of Starch Crops, Through 2005 (Tons/Ha)
- Table 10 Development Of World Stocks Of Major Cereals, 1985-2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 11 Price Development Of Major Cereals, 1985-2005 ($/Ton)
- Table 12 Price Developments Of Potato And Cassava, 1985-2005 ($/Ton)
- Table 13 Population Growth And Income Elasticity For Starch Crops, 1985-2005 (%)
- Table 14 Development And Structure Of World Meat Consumption, Through 2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 15 Changing Feed Conversion Ratios For Pigs And Poultry, 1985-2005 (%)
- Table 16 Usage Of Carbohydrates For The Production Of Bio-Ethanol By Region, 2005 (%)
- Table 17 Usage Of Starch-Containing Cereal And Tuber Crops For Bio-Ethanol Production, 1985-2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 18 Amount Of Raw Material Needed To Produce 1,000 Liter Of Bio-Ethanol (Tons)
- Table 19 Structure Of Bio-Ethanol Production Costs By Various Starch Containing Cereals And Tubers, 2005 (1,000 L Of Bio-Ethanol)
- Table 20 Starch Content And Starch Extraction Rates Of Starch Crops (%)
- Table 21 Starch Production By Type Of Crop And Region, 1990 (Million Tons)
- Table 22 Structure Of Industrial Use Of Starch Crops In 1990 (Million Tons)
- Table 23 Starch Production By Type Of Crop And Region, 2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 24 Structure Of Industrial Use Of Starch Crops, 2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 25 Development Of Corn Gluten Feed, Gluten Meal And Oil Prices, Through 2005 ($/Ton Of Corn
- Table 26 Structure Of Starch Manufacturing Costs By Type Of Raw Material, 2005
- Table 27 Income Elasticity Values For Different Starch Uses By Income Category (%)
- Table 28 Development Of Usage Of Starch Products, Through 2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 29 Estimated Development Of Grain And Tuber Demand For Direct Food Consumption, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 30 Estimated Development Of Meat Consumption, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 31 Development Of Starch Crop Consumption For Feeding Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 32 Bio-Ethanol Production And The Usage Of Grains And Tuber, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 33 Demand Of Starch For Direct Food Use By Region, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 34 Demand Of Starch For The Preparation Of Sweeteners By Region, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 35 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Antibiotics, Through 2015
- Table 36 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Lysine, Through 2015
- Table 37 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Threonine, Through 2015
- Table 38 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Tryptophane, Through 2015
- Table 39 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Msg, Through 2015
- Table 40 Demand For Carbohydrates Of Citric Acid, Through 2015
- Table 41 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Gluconic Acid, Through 2015
- Table 42 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Lactic Acid, Through 2015
- Table 43 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Itaconic Acid, Through 2015
- Table 44 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Enzymes, Through 2015
- Table 45 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Xanthan, Through 2015
- Table 46 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Riboflavin, Through 2015
- Table 47 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Vitamin B12, Through 2015
- Table 48 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Vitamin C, Through 2015
- Table 49 Demand Of Carbohydrates For Erythorbic Acid, Though 2015
- Table 50 Summary Of Global Carbohydrate Demand For Fermentation Products, Through 2015 (1,000 Tons)
- Table 51 Paper And Carton Production And Starch Demand, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 52 Development Of Total Starch Demand, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 53 Development Of Total Starch Crop Demand For Starch Manufacturing, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 54 Structure Of Global Wheat Demand, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 55 Structure Of Global Corn Demand, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 56 Structure Of Global Rice Demand, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 57 Structure Of Global Potato Demand, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 58 Structure Of Global Sweet Potato Demand, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 59 Structure Of Global Cassava Demand, Through 2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 60 Development Of Supply And Demand For Wheat, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 61 Development Of Supply And Demand For Corn, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 62 Development Of Supply And Demand For Rice, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 63 Development Of Supply And Demand For Potato, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 64 Development Of Supply And Demand For Sweet Potato, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 65 Development Of Supply And Demand For Cassava, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Table 66 Characteristics Of Supply And Demand Development Of Cereals And Tubers, 2006-2015
- Table 67 Characteristics Of Anticipated Future Price Dynamics Of Starch Crops, 2006-2015
- Table 68 Distribution Of Starch Crop Use For Direct Human Consumption In Developed And Developing Countries (%)
- Table 69 Development Of Per Capita Consumption (Kg Per Year) Of Starch Crops In Developing Countries, 1993-2005
- Table 70 Summary Of Effects Of Increasing Starch Crop Prices On Human Consumption Pattern
- Table 71 Distribution Of Starch Crop Use For Feeding In Developed And Developing Countries (%)
- Table 72 Development Of Usage Of Main Raw Materials For Pig And Poultry Feeding In Developed Countries, Through 2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 73 Development Of Usage Of Main Products For Pig And Poultry Compound Feed In Developing Countries, Through 2005 (Million Tons)
- Table 74 Summary Of Effects Of Increasing Starch Crop Prices On Feeding Pattern
- Table 75 Relative Importance Of Carbohydrate Costs For Total Costs Of Selected Fermentation Products, 2005 (%)
- Table 76 Realized And Potential Yields Of Starch-Containing Crops , 2005 (T/Ha)
- Table 77 Percentage Increase Of Corn Yields Per Year In The U.S., Through 2005
- Table 78 Production And Yield Of Cassava By Country, 2005
- Figure A: Concept Of The Study
- Summary Figure: Surplus/Deficit Of Major Starch Crops, 2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 1 Surplus/Deficit Of Major Starch Crops In 2015
- Figure 2 Development Of Consumption Structure Of Cereals, 1985 And 2005 (%)
- Figure 3 Development Of Consumption Structure Of Tubers, 1985 And 2005 (%)
- Figure 4 Development Of The Annual Changes In Surface And Yield Of Starch Crops, 1985-2005 (Aagr%)
- Figure 5 Structure And Development Of World Stocks Of Major Cereals, 1985 And 2005 (%)
- Figure 6 Development Of Stock To Utilization Ratios For Major Cereals, 1986 And 2005 (%)
- Figure 7 Price Development Of Major Cereals, 1985-2005
- Figure 8 Price Developments Of Potato And Cassava, 1985-2005 ($/Ton)
- Figure 9 Relationship Between Meat Demand And Income
- Figure 10 Development And Structure Of World Meat Consumption, 1985-2005 (Million Tons)
- Figure 11 Structure And Development Of Starch Crop Use For Bio-Ethanol Production, 1985 And 2005 (%)
- Figure 12 Amount Of Raw Material Needed To Produce 1,000 Lite Of Bio-Ethanol (Tons)
- Figure 13 Raw Material And Production Costs For Bio-Ethanol By Type Of Crop ($ Per 1,000 Liters)
- Figure 14 Starch Production By Crop Type And Region, 1990 (%)
- Figure 15 Structure Of Starch Crop Usage For Industrial Processing, 1990 (Million Tons)
- Figure 16 Starch Production By Crop And By Region, 2005 (%)
- Figure 17 Structure Of Starch Crop Usage For Industrial Processing, 2005 (Million Tons)
- Figure 18 Starch Production Process Of Cassava
- Figure 19 Starch Production Process Of Potato
- Figure 20 Starch Production Process Of Corn
- Figure 21 Development Of Corn Processing By-Product Prices, 1984-2005
- Figure 22 Starch Production Processing Of Wheat
- Figure 23 Manufacturing Costs Of Starch By Type Of Crop ($/Ton)
- Figure 24 Development And Structure Of Starch Use, 1990-2005 (Million Tons)
- Figure 25 Structure Of Starch Crop Demand For Direct Human Consumption, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 26 Structure And Development Of Starch Crop Demand For Feeding, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 27 Structure And Development Of Starch Crop Demand For Bio-Ethanol Production, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 28 Structure And Development Of Starch Demand For Direct Food Use And Sweeteners, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 29 Summary Of Global Carbohydrate Demand (Excluding Saccharose) For Fermentation Products, 2005 And 2015 (%)
- Figure 30 Development Of Total Starch Demand, 2005- 2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 31 Development Of Total Starch Crop Demand For Starch Manufacturing, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 32 Structure Of Global Wheat Demand, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 33 Structure Of Global Corn Demand, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 34 Structure Of Global Rice Demand, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 35 Structure Of Global Potato Demand, 2o05-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 36 Structure Of Global Sweet Potato Demand, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 37 Structure Of Global Cassava Demand, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 38 Development Of Supply And Demand For Wheat, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 39 Development Of Supply And Demand For Corn, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 40 Development Of Supply And Demand For Rice, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 41 Development Of Supply And Demand For Potato, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 42 Development Of Supply And Demand For Sweet Potato, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 43 Development Of Supply And Demand For Cassava, 2005-2015 (Million Tons)
- Figure 44 Distribution Of Starch Crop Use For Direct Human Consumption In Developed And Developing Countries (%)
- Figure 45 Development Of Per Capita Consumption (Kg Per Year) Of Starch Crops In Developing Countries, 1993-2005
- Figure 46 Distribution Of Starch Crop Use For Feeding In Developed And Developing Countries (%)
- Figure 47 Development Of Usage Of Main Raw Materials For Pig And Poultry Feeding In Developed Countries, 1993-2005 (Million Tons)
- Figure 48 Development Of Usage Of Main Products For Pig And Poultry Compound Feed In Developing Countries, 1993-2005 (Million Tons)