Sleep Disorders: Insomnia, Sleep Apnea, Restless Leg Syndrome, Bruxism, Narcolepsy and Sleepwalking

Product Code TRI00101
Publication Date March 2009
Publisher TriMark Publications
Product Type Report
Pages 292
Sleep Disorders: Insomnia, Sleep Apnea, Restless Leg Syndrome, Bruxism, Narcolepsy and Sleepwalking
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Insomnia, sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome, bruxism, narcolepsy and sleepwalking are all serious sleep disorders that possess negative-and sometimes fatal-health consequences. Often undiagnosed and thus not treated, sleep disorders can not only take a toll on personal health but can also adverse effects on personal relationships and reduce worker productivity. In examining the troubling increase in a variety of sleep disorders, this TriMark Publications report will analyze the causes and available treatments for sleep disorder sufferers.

This is a particularly interesting time in the evolution of the sleep disorders market because the blockbuster drugs that have dominated this space are coming off patent protection. There has been a strong push on the part of the major pharmaceutical companies to develop or acquire replacement sources of revenue. In order to put sleep disorders in a proper context, the study begins with an examination of key characteristics of the overall sleep disorders market.

The types of disorders, causes of insomnias, parasomnias and their treatments are analyzed, with the additional review of treatments including pharmaceuticals, devices (continuous positive airway pressure or CPAP machines) and others (nutraceuticals, etc.). The report goes on to describe the primary product offerings of the major companies in this market space including major classes of prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) pharmaceuticals. Finally, a review of companies developing treatments for insomnia, sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome, bruxism, narcolepsy and sleepwalking are examined.

  • 1. Overview
  • 1.1 Statement of Report
  • 1.2 About This Report
  • 1.3 Scope of the Report
  • 1.4 Methodology
  • 1.5 Executive Summary
  • 1.6 U.S. Sleep Market
    • 1.6.1 Sleep Drugs Market in the U.S
    • 1.6.2 U.S. Sleep Apnea Devices Market
    • 1.6.3 U.S. Market for Mattresses and Other related Products
    • 1.6.4 Sleep Laboratories in the U.S
      • 1.6.4.1 Locate Sleep Centers in the U.S
  • 1.7 Future of Sleep Drugs
    • 1.7.1 Sleep Drugs for Jet Lag and Shift Work
    • 1.7.2 Sleep Drugs for Age-related Sleep Issues
    • 1.7.3 Sleep Drugs for Those WhCannot Sleep Through the Night
    • 1.7.4 Sleep Drugs for Restless Leg Syndrome
    • 1.7.5 Sleep Drugs for Insomnia
    • 1.7.6 Sleep Drugs for Sleep Apnea
    • 2. Introduction tSleep Disorders
    • 2.1 Sleep Disorders Overview
      • 2.1.1 Sleep Facts from the U.S
      • 2.1.2 Consequences of Sleep Disorder Problems
    • 2.2 Physiology of Sleep
      • 2.2.1 Sleep Stages
      • 2.2.2 Neutral Control of Sleep
    • 2.3 Current Understanding of Sleep Disorders
      • 2.3.1 Hypersomnia
        • 2.3.1.1 Causes of Hypersomnia
        • 2.3.1.2 Demographics of Hypersomnia
        • 2.3.1.3 Treatment for Hypersomnia
    • 2.4 Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
      • 2.4.1 Causes of Sleep Apnea
      • 2.4.2 Symptoms of Sleep Apnea
      • 2.4.3 Demographics of Sleep Apnea
      • 2.4.4 Diagnosis of Sleep Apnea
      • 2.4.5 Treatments
        • 2.4.5.1 Positional Therapy
        • 2.4.5.2 Behavioral TherapyWeight Loss
        • 2.4.5.3 Oral Appliances
        • 2.4.5.4 Surgery for Sleep Apnea
        • 2.4.5.5 Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Therapy
        • 2.4.5.6 Medications for Sleep Apnea
      • 2.4.6 The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey on Sleep Apnea
        • 2.4.6.1 Age and Sleep Apnea in Men
    • 2.5 Narcolepsy
      • 2.5.1 Demographics of Narcolepsy
      • 2.5.2 Causes of Narcolepsy
      • 2.5.3 Symptoms of Narcolepsy
      • 2.5.4 Diagnosis of Narcolepsy
      • 2.5.5 Treatment for Narcolepsy
    • 2.6 Insomnia
      • 2.6.1 Causes of Insomnia
      • 2.6.2 Symptoms of Insomnia
      • 2.6.3 Demographics of Insomnia
      • 2.6.4 Diagnosis of Insomnia
      • 2.6.5 Insomnia and Obesity
      • 2.6.6 Treatments for Insomnia
        • 2.6.6.1 Behavioral Treatment for Insomnia
        • 2.6.6.2 Treating Insomnia with Medications
        • 2.6.6.3 Alternative Remedies for Insomnia
      • 2.6.7 Insomnia Market
      • 2.6.8 National Sleep Foundation's Sleep In America Poll
        • 2.6.8.1 Benzodiazepines
        • 2.6.8.2 The Short-term Gold Standard
        • 2.6.8.3 Emerging Players
        • 2.6.8.4 Insomnia Market Indicators
        • 2.6.8.5 Newer Sedative Drugs for Insomnia in 2008
    • 2.7 Restless Legs Syndrome
      • 2.7.1 Demographics of RLS
      • 2.7.2 Causes of RLS
      • 2.7.3 Symptoms of RLS
      • 2.7.4 Diagnosis of RLS
      • 2.7.5 Treatments for RLS
        • 2.7.5.1 Lifestyle Changes and RLS
        • 2.7.5.2 Treating RLS with Pharmaceuticals
    • 2.8 Circadian Rhythm Disorders
      • 2.8.1 Causes of Circadian Rhythm Disorders
      • 2.8.2 Symptoms
      • 2.8.3 Demographics of Circadian Rhythm Disorders
      • 2.8.4 Diagnosis of Circadian Rhythm Disorders
      • 2.8.5 Treatments for Circadian Rhythm Disorders
    • 2.9 Parasomnias
      • 2.9.1 Nightmare Disorder
      • 2.9.2 Sleep Terror Disorder
      • 2.9.3 Sleep Walking Disorder
      • 2.9.4 Demographics of Parasomnias
      • 2.9.5 Causes and Symptoms of Parasomnias
      • 2.9.6 Diagnosis
      • 2.9.7 Treatment for Parasomnias
      • 3. Drugs Used for Sleep Disorders
      • 3.1 Estazolam
      • 3.2 Flurazepam (Dalmane)
      • 3.3 Temazepam
      • 3.4 Triazolam
      • 3.5 Zopiclone (Inovane)
      • 3.6 Nonbenzodiazepine Hypnotics
        • 3.6.1 Eszopiclone (Lunesta)
        • 3.6.2 Zaleplon (Sonata)
        • 3.6.3 Zolpidem (Ambien, Ambien CR)
      • 3.7 Pineal Gland Hormones
        • 3.7.1 Melatonin
        • 3.7.2 Ramelteon (Rozerem)
      • 3.8 Antihistamines
        • 3.8.1 Benadryl (Diphenhydramine)
        • 3.8.2 Doxylamine
      • 3.9 Antidepressants
        • 3.9.1 Amitriptyline (Elavil)
        • 3.9.2 Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
        • 3.9.3 Nefazodone (Serzone)
        • 3.9.4 Trazodone (Desyrel)
        • 3.9.5 Indiplon
        • 3.9.6 Gaboxadol
        • 3.9.7 Silenor
      • 3.10 Other Substances
        • 3.10.1 Lavender
        • 3.10.2 Passion Flower
        • 3.10.3 Ashwagandha
        • 3.10.4 Catnip
        • 3.10.5 Kava (Piper methysticum)
        • 3.10.6 Valerian
      • 3.11 Aromatherapy
      • 3.12 Some OTC Sleep Gadgets in the Market
        • 3.12.1 Dreamate
        • 3.12.2 Anti-snoring Pillow
        • 3.12.3 Nasal Dialators
        • 3.12.4 Nasal Strips
        • 3.12.5 Snore Stopper
        • 3.12.6 SleepMate
        • 3.12.7 Antisnor Therapeutic Ring
        • 3.12.8 Ayurvedic Treatment for Insomnia
        • 3.12.9 Yoga for Sleep Disorders
        • 3.12.10 Meditation for Sleep Disorders
        • 3.12.11 Hypnosis for Sleep Disorders
      • 3.13 Homeopathic Treatment for Sleep Disorders
        • 3.13.1 Belladonna
        • 3.13.2 Nux vomica
        • 3.13.3 Chamomilla
        • 3.13.4 Gelsemium
        • 3.13.5 Cannabis Indica
        • 4. A Guide tBetter Sleep
        • 4.1 The Normally Required Sleep
        • 4.2 Sleep and Driving
        • 4.3 Tips tAvoid Drowsy Driving
        • 4.4 Tips tFind whether One has Sleep Disorders
        • 4.5 A Good Night's Sleep
        • 5. Sleep Laboratories
        • 6. Profiles of Companies and Their Product Offering
        • 6.1 Device Companies (CPAP and Other)
          • 6.1.1 AEIOmed, Inc. and Product Offerings
          • 6.1.2 Chad Therapeutics, Inc. and Product Offerings
          • 6.1.3 Compumedics Ltd. and Product Offerings
          • 6.1.4 Puritan Bennett (Covidien) and Product Offerings
          • 6.1.5 ResMed Corporation and Product Offerings
          • 6.1.4 Respironics, Inc. (Philips)
        • 6.2 Pharmaceutical (Prescription and OTC) Companies
          • 6.2.2 Actelion Ltd
          • 6.2.3 Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc
          • 6.2.4 Cephalon, Inc
          • 6.2.5 Eli Lilly
          • 6.2.7 King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Product Offerings
          • 6.2.8 Neurogen Corporation
          • 6.2.9 Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc
          • 6.2.10 Pfizer and Product Offerings
          • 6.2.14 SleepMed
          • 6.2.17 Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America
          • 6.2.19 Wyeth
      • Index Of Tables
        • Table 1.1: Sleep Center Locations in New York
        • Table 2.1: Drugs of Short and Long-acting Hypnotics
        • Table 2.2: Characteristics of Patients with Sleep Apnea in the NAMCS Database
        • Table 2.3: Prevalence of Sleep Apnea
        • Table 2.4: The Hallmark Symptoms of Insomnia
        • Table 2.5: The Four New Currently Available Sleeping Pills, 2008
        • Table 2.6: Cost of Newer Insomnia Drugs and Selected Older Ones, 2008
        • Table 6.1: ResMed's Product Portfolio
        • Table 6.2: Acadia's Programs in 2007
        • Table 6.3: Actelion's Products in the Market, 2007
        • Table 6.4: Actelion's Clinical Development Pipeline, 2007
        • Table 6.5: Actelion's Consolidated Financial Position, 2007
        • Table 6.6: Actelion's Geographic Information, 2006 and 2007
        • Table 6.7: Arena's Independent and Partnered Research Programs as on 2007
        • Table 6.8: Cephalon's Product Profile, 2007
        • Table 6.9: Eli lilly's Net Sales Activity in 2007
        • Table 6.10: Trade Marks of Eli Lilly's Products, 2007
        • Table 6.11: King's Product Portfolio, 2007
        • Table 6.12: King's Summary of Net Revenues by Operating Segment
        • Table 6.13: King's Branded Prescription Products
        • Table 6.14: Neurogen's Clinical Development Programs, 2007
        • Table 6.15: Mean LPS in Minutes
        • Table 6.16: Neurocrine's Product Pipeline
        • Table 6.17: Pfizer's Research and Development Pipeline as of February 2008
        • Table 6.18: Pfizer's Revenue by Product, 2007
        • Table 6.19: Pfizer's Revenue from Major Pharmaceutical Products, 2007
        • Table 6.20: Recent FDA Approved Products from Pfizer, 2007
        • Table 6.21: Pfizer's Pending New Drug Applications (NDAs) and Supplemental Filings in U.S., 2007
        • Table 6.22: Regulatory Approvals and Filings in the E.U. and Japan
        • Table 6.23: Pfizer's Revenue by Geographic Region, 2007
        • Table 6.24: Pfizer's Revenue by Therapeutic Area, 2007
        • Table 6.25: Sanofi's Pharmaceutical and Human Vaccine Business, 2007
        • Table 6.26: Sanofi's Research and Development, 2007
        • Table 6.27: Sanofi's Vaccine Pipeline, 2007
        • Table 6.28: Net Sales of Schering-Plough's Products, 2007
        • Table 6.29: Sepracor's Products and Pipeline, 2007
        • Table 6.30: Sepracor's Launch and Target Launch Dates
        • Table 6.31: Sepracor's Selected Financial Data, 2007
        • Table 6.32: Sleepmed's Self-Test Questionnaire
        • Table 6.33: SleepMed's Sleep Assessment Form
        • Table 6.34: Sleepiness Scale
        • Table 6.35: Silenor Clinical Program
        • Table 6.36: Takeda's Global Locations, 2008
        • Table 6.37: Takeda's Net Sales by Region, 2008
        • Table 6.38: Takeda's Research and Development Pipeline, 2008
        • Table 6.39: Takeda's Research and Development Pipeline, 2007
        • Table 6.40: Takeda's In-Licensing and Alliance Activities in 2007
        • Table 6.41: Number of Employees in Takeda, 2008
        • Table 6.42: Vanda's candidates in Clinical Development
        • Table 6.43: Wyeth's Pipeline of Products, 2007
        • Table App 1.1: Age-adjusted Percentage of Adults Engaged in Selected Health Risk behaviors by Hours of Sleep in the U.S., 2004-2006
        • Table App 1.2: Age-adjusted Percentages of Adults Engaged in Selected Health Risk Behavior by Sex and Hours of Sleep in the U.S., 2004-2006
        • Table App 1.3: Age-adjusted Percentages of Adults Engaged in Selected Health Risk Behaviors by Age and Hours of Sleep in the U.S., 2004-2006
        • Table App 2.1: Most Common Adverse Events Occuring in atleast 5% of Patients Table App 4.1: Sample BMIs for Weight and Height Ranges
        • Table App 4.2: U.S. Obesity Rates, 2007
        • Table App 4.3: Demographic Statistics of a Pediatric Surgical Population in the U.S
        • Table App 5.1: Physiological Changes during NREM and REM Sleep
        • Table App 5.2: Percent Sleep for Young Children
        • Table App 5.3: Percent Sleep for Young Adults
        • Table App 5.4: Percent Sleep for Elderly Adults
        • Table App 6.1: Current Sleep Related Clinical Trials
        • Table App 6.2: Just Completed and On-going Clinical Trials for Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders
      • Index Of Figures
        • Figure 1.1: Total market for Leading Sleep Drugs, 2007
        • Figure 1.2: Sleep Product's Market Share in 2007
        • Figure 1.3: Percent Market Share of Leading CPAP Devices, 2008
        • Figure 1.4: U.S. Rx and OTC Sleeping Pills Market, 2003-2007
        • Figure 1.5: U.S. CPAP Sleep Apnea Devices Market, 2003-2007
        • Figure 1.6: U.S. Mattresses and Foundations Retail Market, 2003-2008
        • Figure 1.7: U.S. Sleep Lab Revenues, 2003-2007
        • Figure 1.8: Number of Accredited Sleep labs in the U.S., 2003-2007
        • Figure 1.9: U.S. Growth of Sleep Center Beds in 2009
        • Figure 1.10: Circadin's Effect on the Improvement in Quality of Sleep
        • Figure 2.1: Hours of Sleep in a Sample U.S. Population, 2008
        • Figure 2.2: Person Wearing Electrodes for EGG
        • Figure 2.3: Portable Recording Device for EEG
        • Figure 2.4: Treatment Effects on Patients with Hypersomnia
        • Figure 2.5: Adults with Sleep Apnea Symptoms whSought Medical Care in the U.S., 2006
        • Figure 2.6: Open Throat
        • Figure 2.7: Closed Throat in an Apnea Patient
        • Figure 2.8: Mandibular Advancement Device (MAD) for Sleep Apnea
        • Figure 2.9: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Treatment
        • Figure 2.10: Sleep Apnea Percentage by Medical Specialty as Reported by NAMCS
        • Figure 2.11: NAMCS Ages of Sleep Apnea Patients
        • Figure 2.12: Age-specific Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Diagnosed
        • Figure 2.13: Prevalence of Sleep Aid use by Age Group in the U.S., 1998-2006
        • Figure 2.14: Percentage of Sleep Aid Users Younger Than 45 Years old in the U.S., 1998-2006
        • Figure 2.15: Prevalence of mental health Diagnosis Made in First Sleep Aid Users by Provider Type
        • Figure 2.16: Common Symptoms of Insomnia
        • Figure 2.17: Insomnia Patient Population, 2007
        • Figure 2.18: Obesity Prevalence by Age and Sex in the U.S., 2005-2006
        • Figure 2.19: Prevalence of Obesity in U.S. Women by Age and Race/Ethnicity, 2005-2006
        • Figure 2.20: The Globally Growing Market for Insomnia, 2001-2006
        • Figure 2.21: Global Prescription for Insomnia Products, 2001-2006
        • Figure 2.22: Global Sales of Insomnia Drugs, 2007
        • Figure 2.23: Projected Global Insomnia Market, 2005-2009
        • Figure 2.24: Frequency of Insomnia Symptoms in the U.S. Adult Population
        • Figure 2.25: U.S. Sleep market Under Penetrated
        • Figure 2.26: Projected U.S. Sleep Market Growth in 2009
        • Figure 2.27: Time tSleep for RLS Sufferers
        • Figure 2.28: Times RLS Sufferers Woken at Night
        • Figure 2.29: RLS Sufferers Referred tSpecialists by Country
        • Figure 3.1: Dalmane's Market, 2005-2007
        • Figure 3.2: Global Market for Lunesta, 2005-2007
        • Figure 3.3: Sonata's (Zaleplon) Sales, 2005-2007
        • Figure 3.4: Total Sales for Four Leading Brands of Sleeping Pills, 2007
        • Figure 3.5: WASO
        • Figure 5.1: Number of Accredited Sleep Labs in the U.S., 2003-2007
        • Figure 5.2: Sleep Monitoring Revenue Distribution by Provider Type in the U.S.,2006
        • Figure 5.3: U.S. Sleep Lab Revenues, 2003-2007
        • Figure 6.1: Chad's Business for the Six Months Ended September, 2007 and 2006
        • Figure 6.2: Chad's Research and Development Expenditure for Six Months Ended September, 2007 and 2006
        • Figure 6.3: Chad's Business in Geographic Region/Country for Six Months Ended September, 2007
        • Figure 6.4: Compumedics' Revenue, 2003-2008
        • Figure 6.5: Compumedics' Research and Development (R&D) Expenditure, 2007-2008
        • Figure 6.6: Compumedics' Business Revenue from the U.S., 2003-2008
        • Figure 6.7: Compumedics' Global Sleep Diagnostic Market, 2008
        • Figure 6.8: Compumedics' Global Brain Research Market, 2008
        • Figure 6.9: Compumedics' Global Neurodiagnostics Market, 2008
        • Figure 6.10: Compumedics' Global Neuromedical Supplies Market, 2008
        • Figure 6.11: Compumedics' Global Doppler Ultrasound Market, 2008
        • Figure 6.12: Covidien's Medical Device Business Sales, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.13: Covidien's Pharmaceutical Products Business Sales, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.14: Covidien's Imaging Solutions Business Sales, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.15: Covidien's Medical Supplies Business Sales, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.16: Covidien's Retail Products Business Sales, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.17: Covidien's Net Sales by Geographic Area, 2007
        • Figure 6.18: Covidien's Research and Development Expenditure, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.19: ResMed's Percent Net Revenue from North and Latin America, 2006-2008
        • Figure 6.20: ResMed's Percent Net Revenue from Europe, 2006-2008
        • Figure 6.21: ResMed's Percent Net Revenue from Asia Pacific, 2006-2008
        • Figure 6.22: Number of Employees in ResMed and its Subsidiaries, 2008
        • Figure 6.23: ResMed's Consolidated Statement of Income Data, 2004-2008
        • Figure 6.24: ResMed's Research and Development Expenditure, 2004-2008
        • Figure 6.25: Respironics' Business, 2006-2007
        • Figure 6.26: SomnoMed's OSA Global Market Size Projection, 2007-2018
        • Figure 6.27: Growth Projection for Somnomed MAS, 2005-2010
        • Figure 6.28: Acadia's Revenue, 2003-2007
        • Figure 6.29: Acadia's Research and Development Expenses, 2003-2007
        • Figure 6.30: Actelion's Sales Revenue from Three of its Brands, 2007
        • Figure 6.31: Actelion's Revenue, 2007-2008
        • Figure 6.32: Actelion's Net Revenues and Net Income, 2006-2007
        • Figure 6.33: Actelion's Sales Revenue, 2006-2008
        • Figure 6.34: Arena's Research Expenditure, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.35: Arrena's Revenue, 2003-2007
        • Figure 6.36: Arena's Revenue from Partnered Programs, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.37: Provigil Sales Revenue in 2007
        • Figure 6.38: Cephalon's Percent Net Sales of Provigil, Fentora and Actiq, 2007
        • Figure 6.39: Cephalon's Consolidated Total Revenue, 2003-2007
        • Figure 6.40: Cephalon's Research and Development Expenditure, 2006-2007
        • Figure 6.41: Cephalon's Total Sales Revenue of Products by Segment, 2007
        • Figure 6.42: Eli Lilly's Products Launched this Decade Contributed $6.0 Billion in 2007
        • Figure 6.43: Eli Lilly's Six Products Exeeded $1.0 Billion in Net Sales, 2007
        • Figure 6.44: Eli Lilly's Growth Across Therapeutic Areas, 2007
        • Figure 6.45: Eli Lilly's Gross Margin, 2003-2007
        • Figure 6.46: Eli Lilly's Increased Research and Development Investment, 2003-2007
        • Figure 6.47: GSK's Top Five Consumer Healthcare Products by Turnover, 2007
        • Figure 6.48: GSK's Employee Numbers by Region, 2007
        • Figure 6.49: GSK's Respiratory Products' Turnover, 2007
        • Figure 6.50: GSK's Central Nervous System Products' Turnover, 2007
        • Figure 6.51: GSK's HIV Products' Turnover, 2007
        • Figure 6.52: GSK's Herpes Products' Turnover, 2007
        • Figure 6.53: GSK's Metabolic Products' Turnover, 2007
        • Figure 6.54: GSK's Vaccines' Turnover, 2007
        • Figure 6.55: GSK's Cardiovascular and Urogenital Products' Turnover, 2007
        • Figure 6.56: GSK's Oncology and Emesis Products' Turnover, 2007
        • Figure 6.57: GSK's Pharmaceutical Turnover from the U.S. and Europe, 2007
        • Figure 6.58: GSK's Pharmaceuticals Turnover in the International market, 2007
        • Figure 6.59: GSK's Total Turnover of Pharmaceuticals and Consumer Healthcare, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.60: GSK's Research and Development Expenditure, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.61: King's Net Sales of Neuroscience Products, 2007
        • Figure 6.62: King's Net Sales of Hospital Products, 2007
        • Figure 6.63: King's Net Sales of Acute care Products, 2007
        • Figure 6.64: King's Net Sales of Cardiovascular/Metabolic Products, 2007
        • Figure 6.66: King's Research Expenditure, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.67: Neurogen's Research and Development Expenditure, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.68: Funding by Neurogen's Collaborative Partners in Research and Development, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.69: Neurogen's Business, 2003-2007
        • Figure 6.70: Mean LPS in Minutes for Each Arm of the Study
        • Figure 6.71: Neurocrine's Total Revenue, 2002-2006
        • Figure 6.72: Neurocrine's Research and Development Expenditure, 2002-2006
        • Figure 6.73: Pfizer's Revenue, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.74: Pfizer's Research and Development Expenditure, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.75: Pfizer's Sales Revenue from its Pharmaceutical Medicines, 2007
        • Figure 6.76: Pfizer's Revenue from Pharmaceutical Medicines, 2007
        • Figure 6.77: Pfizer's Sales Revenue from its Pharmaceutical Products, 2007
        • Figure 6.78: Pfizer's Sales Revenue from its Pharmaceutical Products, 2007
        • Figure 6.79: Pfizer's Sales Revenue from its Other Pharmaceutical Products, 2007
        • Figure 6.80: Projected Global Market for Pharmaceutical Medicines by Disease Segment, 2012
        • Figure 6.81: Pfizer's Revenue by Business Segments, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.82: Pfizer's Revenue by Segment, 2007
        • Figure 6.83: Sanofi's Business, 2004-2007
        • Figure 6.84: Sanofi's Business in 2007
        • Figure 6.85: Sanofi's Top Five Pharmaceutical's Sales in 2007
        • Figure 6.86: Sanofi's Global Sales of Flavix in 2007
        • Figure 6.87: Sanofi's Human Vaccine Business in 2007
        • Figure 6.88: Shering-Plough's Consolidated Sales Revenue, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.89: Shering-Plough's Human Prescription Pharmaceutical Sales, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.90: Shering-Plough's Animal Health Product's Revenue, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.91: Shering-plough's Consumer Healthcare Revenue, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.92: Shering-Plough's Research and Development Expenditure, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.93: Shering-Plough's Sales Revenue from Top Seven Human Prescription Pharmaceuticals, 2007
        • Figure 6.94: Sepracor's Total Revenue, 2003-2007
        • Figure 6.95: Sepracor's Revenue from Lunesta, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.96: Sepracor's Revenue from Xoponex, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.97: Sepracor's Employee Distribution, 2007
        • Figure 6.98: Somaxon's Research and Development Expenditure, 2004-2007
        • Figure 6.99: Takeda's Business, 2006-2008
        • Figure 6.100: Takeda's Net Sales by Region, 2006-2008
        • Figure 6.101: Takeda's Research and Development Expenditure, 2006-2008
        • Figure 6.102: Takeda's Performance in Europe, 2003-2007
        • Figure 6.103: Net Sales of Actos, 2007
        • Figure 6.104: Total Global Pharmaceutical market by Region in 2007
        • Figure 6.105: Takeda's Net Sales of International Strategic Products, 2007
        • Figure 6.106: Takeda's Net Sales by Region, 2007
        • Figure 6.107: Wyeth's Sales Revenue, 2006-2007
        • Figure 6.108: Wyeth's Pharmaceutical Sales Revenue, 2007
        • Figure 6.109: Wyeth's Business, 2004-2007
        • Figure 6.110: Wyeth's Research and Development Expenditure, 2004-2007
        • Figure 6.111: Wyeth's Revenue by Segment, 2004-2007
        • Figure 6.112: Valeant Pharmaceuticals' Total Revenue, 2003-2007
        • Figure 6.113: Valeant Pharmaceuticals' Research and Development Expenditure, 2003-2007
        • Figure 6.114: Valeant Pharmaceuticals' Total Turnover in Neurology Products, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.115: Valeant Pharmaceuticals' Total Turnover of Dermatology Products, 2005-2007
        • Figure 6.116: Valeant Pharmaceuticals' Total Turnover for Infectious Diseases Products, 2005-2007
        • Figure App 1.1: Age-adjusted Percentage of Hours of Sleep in a Day Among Adults in the U.S., 2006
        • Figure App 1.2: Age-adjusted Percentage of Adults WhCurrently Smoked Cigarettes and Age-adjusted Percentage WhHad Five or More Drinks in a Day in the U.S., 2004-2005
        • Figure App 1.3: Age-adjusted Percentage of Adults WhWere Physically Inactive and Age-adjusted Percentage of Adults WhWere Obese by Usual Hours of Sleep in a Day in the U.S., 2004-2006
        • Figure App 2.1: Mean Change from Baseline tFinal Visit in Functional Outcomes of FOSQ Domain Scores by Treatment Group
        • Figure App 4.1: Prevalence of Obesity among Adult Men and Women, 2005-2006
        • Figure App 4.2: Obesity Prevalence by Age and Sex in the U.S., 2006
        • Figure App 4.3: Trends in Obesity by Sex 20 Years and Older in the U.S., 2000-2006
        • Figure App 4.4: Prevalence of Obesity among Males by Age, Race/Ethnicity in the U.S., 2005-2006
        • Figure App 4.5: Prevalence of Obesity in Women by Age, Race/Ethnicity in the U.S., 2005-2006
        • Figure App 4.6: Projected Childhood Obesity in LA County, 2001-2010
        • Figure App 4.7: American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Classification by Weight Group
        • Figure App 4.8: Age Group and Gender-Specific Prevalence (%) of Overweight and Obesity
        • Figure App 5.1: Progression of Sleep States across a Single Night in Young Adults
        • Figure App 5.2: Characteristic EEG Activity of Each of the Four Stages of NREM Sleep
        • Figure App 7.1: Time of Occurrence of Crashes for 25 Years of Age or Younger
        • Figure App 7.2: Time of Occurrence of Crashes for Drivers between 25 and 46 Years of Age
        • Figure App 7.3: Time of Occurrence of Crashes for Drivers between 45 and 66 Years of Age
        • Figure App 7.4: Time of Occurrence of Crashes for Drivers Older than 65 Years
        • Figure App 7.5: Interaction between Alcohol and Sleepiness
        • Figure App 7.6: Percent Crashes by the Young Men

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