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2008 Africa - Telecoms, Mobile & Broadband in Northern Region

Publication Date December 2008
Publisher BuddeComm
Product Type Report
Pages 150
ISBN Number not applicable
Product Code BUD00175
2008 Africa - Telecoms, Mobile & Broadband in Northern Region
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Summary

Northern Africa is home to some of the most developed telecom markets on the continent. All countries in this group except for landlocked Chad have well developed fixed-line infrastructures and direct access to international submarine fibre optic cables. Most incumbent telcos in the region are already in private hands, but the privatisation of Algerie Telecom has been postponed in the wake of the global economic crisis, as has the licensing of a second fixed network operator in Egypt. Tunisia is planning to go ahead with its second fixed-line licence, joining Algeria, Morocco and Sudan, which already have two, and in the case of Morocco, three operators. Algeria, Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia have fast growing broadband markets, supported by some of the lowest ADSL prices in Africa and strong competition from wireless services. Commercial 3G mobile services have been launched in Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan and Tunisia, with 3G licences expected to be issued in Algeria shortly.

At around 85% penetration, the spectacular subscriber growth curve of Algeria's mobile market is beginning to flatten and attention is shifting to maintaining or improving ARPU, which has continued to decline under the intense competition between three networks. The three mobile network operators have entered the lucrative underdeveloped Internet sector by launching mobile data services and will be able to offer true broadband services under 3G licences to be issued shortly. This upcoming competition is accelerating developments in the fixed and fixed-wireless access sector, where ADSL2+ and SHDSL are being rolled out as well as EV-DO and WiMAX wireless broadband services and one of Africa's first FttH networks. In parallel, the national and international fibre optic backbone is being upgraded to an IP-based NGN to support converged services and the growing traffic load. An opportunity to enter the market exists for investors in the upcoming privatisation of Algerie Telecom, for which 45 bidders have shown interest. For the country overview, see chapter 1, page 1.

Despite being Africa's newest exporter of oil, Chad has one of the least developed telecommunications market in the world. Penetration rates in all market sectors - fixed, mobile and Internet - are well below African averages. The country lacks a national backbone infrastructure to support efficient broadband services. In order to raise the capital needed to fund development of the network, the government is intent on privatising the national telco, Sotel Tchad. The mobile sector is growing fast under competition between two foreign-owned networks. Sotel Tchad is rolling out a CDMA fixed-wireless system that enables it to potentially enter the lucrative mobile sector as well, and the mobile operators have launched mobile data services in a bid to participate in the underdeveloped Internet sector. For the country overview, see chapter 2, page 24.

The licensing of Egypt's second fixed network operator has been postponed by at least a year to 2009 as a result of the global financial crisis, but the process has received strong interest from international bidders. The incumbent's fixed network rollout has slowed, but take-up of ADSL broadband services continues unabated. There will be a shift towards wireless technologies, following the first successful WiMAX deployments in the country. In addition, all three mobile networks have now launched 3G services and are set to become dominant players in the Internet and broadband market as well. An increasing demand for bandwidth has led to the development of several additional submarine fibre optic cable systems to go online from 2009. With mobile and broadband tariffs already among the lowest on the continent, operators will seek to streamline their operations and distinguish themselves from the competition by quality of service and introducing new services. For the country overview, see chapter 3, page 24.

Libya is emerging from almost two decades of economic isolation, which contributed to the stagnation of its oil industry, the mainstay of its economy, and invariably its telecoms sector. Despite having an old style monopoly player for the provision of posts and telecom services, the country's telecom network is superior to those in most other African countries. The mobile sub-sector remained underdeveloped until the introduction of a second GSM network in 2004 which sent market penetration skyrocketing from one of the lowest in Africa to one of the highest within only two years. 3G mobile services have been launched and massive investments are being made into a next-generation national fibre optic backbone network, the expansion of ADSL and WiMAX broadband services, and new international fibre connections. Investments into telecommunications infrastructure totalling US$10 billion have been earmarked for the 15 years to 2020. For the country overview, see chapter 4, page 24.

Morocco is one of the most advanced telecommunications markets in Africa and often seen as a role model for future developments in other parts of the continent. It features a majority-privatised, highly profitable incumbent telco, three fixed and mobile network operators, as well as the highest penetration and some of the lowest prices on the continent for broadband Internet access. 2007 saw the introduction of 3G mobile broadband services, and within 18 months this sub-sector had taken almost a quarter of the broadband market. The boundaries between fixed and mobile are beginning to disappear as technologies and services converge. Innovative new services have been introduced such as the first commercial IPTV service on the continent. To accommodate the increasing amount of voice and Internet traffic, international connectivity and fibre optic national backbone networks are being expanded, and WiMAX is being rolled as the next-generation access technology. For the country overview, see chapter 5, page 24.

Sudan, the third largest oil producer in sub-Saharan Africa and one of the biggest countries on the continent, is regarded as one of Africa's most lucrative telecom markets, receiving hundreds of millions of dollars in foreign investment per year. The privatisation of its incumbent mobile network fetched a record price. Enormous further potential exists since penetration rates are still relatively low in all market segments. Two fixed and three mobile networks are competing for customers, rolling out broadband and next-generation services. Under a recent peace agreement, the oil-rich south of the country, which has been beyond the central government's control and deprived of development, is establishing its own independent telecommunications regime, creating new opportunities for service providers and equipment suppliers. For the country overview, see chapter 6, page 24.

Tunisia has one of the most developed telecommunications infrastructures in the relatively affluent North African region and sports some of the continent's highest market penetration rates. The mobile sector has experienced exceptional growth since the introduction of competition in 2002. A nationwide fibre optic backbone and international access via submarine cables, coupled with some of the lowest broadband prices in Africa have supported rapid development of the Internet sector. The incumbent telco has been partially privatised, and the licensing of a second fixed-line operator is planned for 2009. For the country overview, see chapter 7, page 24.

Key highlights:

  • Fixed-line, mobile and Internet market forecasts to 2010 and 2015 for Algeria, Egypt and Morocco;
  • Mobile ARPU forecast to 2010 and 2015 for Egypt;
  • Fixed-line renaissance in Algeria and Morocco driven by competition and demand for broadband services;
  • Second fixed-line licence expected in Egypt and Tunisia;
  • 3G mobile licences expected in Algeria while the privatisation of Algerie Telecom has been delayed;
  • 3G mobile broadband attained a 25% share of Morocco's broadband market in less than two years;
  • Major WiMAX rollouts in Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia;
  • Algeria deploys first major FttH network in Africa;
  • Chad's national backbone network relies entirely on satellites;
  • All major operators pushing into semi-autonomous Southern Sudan's telecom vacuum;
  • Libya, the first country in continental Africa to reach 100% mobile market penetration, plans to invest US$10 billion into telecommunications infrastructure between 2005 and 2020.

Mobile subscribers and penetration rate in Libya - 1998 - 2008

Year Subscribers (thousand) Penetration

  • 1998 20 0.3%
  • 1999 28 0.5%
  • 2000 40 0.7%
  • 2001 50 0.9%
  • 2002 70 1.3%
  • 2003 127 2.3%
  • 2004 320 5.6%
  • 2005 878 15%
  • 2006 4,015 67%
  • 2007 5,459 91%
  • 2008 (Mar) 5,983 96%

(Source: BuddeComm based on ITU, Global Mobile and industry data)

Peter Lange
November 2008

Data in this report is the latest available at the time of preparation and may not be for the current year.

This report provides a comprehensive overview of trends and developments in the telecommunications markets of seven African countries: Algeria, Chad, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan and Tunisia. Subjects covered include:

  • Key statistics;
  • Market and industry overviews;
  • Regulatory environment and structural reform;
  • Major players (fixed, mobile and broadband);
  • Infrastructure development;
  • Mobile voice and data markets, including 3G;
  • Average Revenue per User (ARPU) trends;
  • Internet, including broadband development;
  • Convergence (voice/data, fixed/wireless/mobile).

For those needing high level strategic information and objective analysis on this region, this report is essential reading and gives further information on:

  • Government policies affecting the telecoms industry;
  • Market liberalisation;
  • Telecoms operators - privatisation, acquisitions, new licences and competition;
  • Internet and broadband development and growth;
  • The fast growing mobile markets of the region;
  • Average Revenue per User (ARPU);
  • Mobile application and content developments.

Content

  • 1. Algeria
    • 1.1 Key Statistics
    • 1.2 Overview Of Algeria's Telecom Market
      • 1.2.1 Fixed-Line Statistics
    • 1.3 Regulatory Environment
      • 1.3.1 Historical Background
      • 1.3.2 Law Of 2000
      • 1.3.3 Regulatory Authority
        • 1.3.3.1 Autorit De Rgulation Des Postes Et Tlcommunications (Arpt)
      • 1.3.4 Telecom Sector Liberalisation In Algeria
      • 1.3.5 Interconnection
    • 1.4 Fixed Network Operators In Algeria
      • 1.4.1 Algerie Telecom
        • 1.4.1.1 Privatisation
        • 1.4.1.2 Network Infrastructure
        • 1.4.1.3 Wireless Local Loop (Wll)
        • 1.4.1.4 National Backbone Network
        • 1.4.1.5 Domestic Satellite Network
        • 1.4.1.6 Next-Generation Network (Ngn)
        • 1.4.1.7 Fibre To The Home (Ftth), Triple Play
        • 1.4.1.8 International Infrastructure
      • 1.4.2 Lacom (Cat)
    • 1.5 Telecommunications Infrastructure
      • 1.5.1 Alternative Fibre Infrastructure
        • 1.5.1.1 Algerian Energy Telecoms Company (Aetc)
    • 1.6 Internet Market
      • 1.6.1 Overview
        • 1.6.1.1 Internet Statistics
      • 1.6.2 Internet Cafes
      • 1.6.3 Pc Penetration
      • 1.6.4 Algeria's Isp Market
        • 1.6.4.1 Djaweb
        • 1.6.4.2 Eepad
        • 1.6.4.3 Swan Informatique
        • 1.6.4.4 Icosnet
        • 1.6.4.5 Smart Link Communications (Slc)
        • 1.6.4.6 Lacom
    • 1.7 Broadband Market
      • 1.7.1 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (Adsl)
      • 1.7.2 Wireless Broadband
        • 1.7.2.1 Wimax And Wifi
        • 1.7.2.2 Ev-Do
      • 1.7.3 Mobile Broadband
      • 1.7.4 Satellite Broadband
    • 1.8 Convergence
      • 1.8.1 Voice Over Internet Protocol (Voip)
      • 1.8.2 Triple Play
    • 1.9 E-Services
      • 1.9.1 Academic Sector
      • 1.9.2 E-Education
      • 1.9.3 E-Health
      • 1.9.4 E-Government
    • 1.10 Mobile Communications
      • 1.10.1 Overview Of Algeria's Mobile Market
        • 1.10.1.1 Mobile Statistics
      • 1.10.2 Regulatory Issues
        • 1.10.2.1 Registration Of Subscriber Details
      • 1.10.3 Mobile Technologies
        • 1.10.3.1 Third Generation (3g)
        • 1.10.3.2 Mobile Handsets
        • 1.10.3.3 Low-Cost Brands
      • 1.10.4 Major Mobile Operators
        • 1.10.4.1 Algerie Telecom (Mobilis)
        • 1.10.4.2 Orascom Telecom Algerie (Djezzy)
        • 1.10.4.2.1 Average Revenue Per User (Arpu)
        • 1.10.4.3 Wataniya Telecom (Nedjma)
      • 1.10.5 Mobile Voice Services
        • 1.10.5.1 Satellite Mobile
      • 1.10.6 Mobile Data Services
        • 1.10.6.1 Short Message Service (Sms)
        • 1.10.6.2 Multimedia Messaging Service (Mms)
        • 1.10.6.3 Gprs/Edge
        • 1.10.6.4 Blackberry
    • 1.11 Forecasts
      • 1.11.1 Forecasts Fixed-Line Services To 2015
      • 1.11.2 Forecasts Internet Users To 2015
      • 1.11.3 Forecasts Mobile Market To 2015
  • 2. Chad
    • 2.1 Key Statistics
    • 2.2 Country Overview
    • 2.3 Overview Of Chad's Telecom Market
    • 2.4 Regulatory Environment
      • 2.4.1 Telecommunications Act 1998
      • 2.4.2 Regulatory Authority
        • 2.4.2.1 Office Tchadien De Rgulation Des Telecommunications (Otrt)
    • 2.5 Fixed Network Operator In Chad
      • 2.5.1 Sotel Tchad
        • 2.5.1.1 Fixed-Line Statistics
        • 2.5.1.2 Network Infrastructure
        • 2.5.1.3 Cdma2000 Wll
        • 2.5.1.4 National Backbone Network
      • 2.5.2 International Infrastructure
    • 2.6 Internet Market
      • 2.6.1 Overview
        • 2.6.1.1 Internet Statistics
      • 2.6.2 Voice Over Internet Protocol (Voip) Telephony
    • 2.7 Mobile Communications
      • 2.7.1 Overview Of Chad's Mobile Market
        • 2.7.1.1 Mobile Statistics
      • 2.7.2 Major Mobile Operators
        • 2.7.2.1 Zain Chad (Formerly Celtel)
        • 2.7.2.2 Millicom Chad (Tigo)
        • 2.7.2.3 Tchad Mobile (Defunct)
      • 2.7.3 Mobile Voice Services
        • 2.7.3.1 Satellite Mobile
  • 3. Egypt
    • 3.1 Key Statistics
    • 3.2 Telecommunications Market
      • 3.2.1 Overview Of Egypt's Telecom Market
    • 3.3 Regulatory Environment
      • 3.3.1 Background
      • 3.3.2 Creation Of A New Regulatory Framework
      • 3.3.3 Telecommunications Master Plan
      • 3.3.4 Legislative Reform
      • 3.3.5 Regulatory Authority
        • 3.3.5.1 National Telecommunication Regulatory Authority
        • 3.3.5.2 Ministry Of Communications & Information Technology
      • 3.3.6 Telecom Sector Liberalisation In Egypt
        • 3.3.6.1 International Gateway Licences
        • 3.3.6.2 International Submarine Cable Licence
        • 3.3.6.3 Second Fixed-Line Licence
      • 3.3.7 Privatisation Of Telecom Egypt
      • 3.3.8 Interconnection
      • 3.3.9 Tariffs
    • 3.4 Fixed Network Operators In Egypt
      • 3.4.1 Telecom Egypt
        • 3.4.1.1 Wholesale
      • 3.4.2 Orascom Telecom
    • 3.5 Telecommunications Infrastructure
      • 3.5.1 National Telecom Network
        • 3.5.1.1 Public Payphones
        • 3.5.1.2 Wireless Local Loop (Wll)
        • 3.5.1.3 Next Generation Network (Ngn)
      • 3.5.2 International Infrastructure
        • 3.5.2.1 Submarine Cable Networks
        • 3.5.2.2 Satellite Networks
    • 3.6 Fixed Voice Market
      • 3.6.1 National And International Call Traffic
    • 3.7 Data Market
      • 3.7.1 Data Service Operators
      • 3.7.2 Vsat Networks
      • 3.7.3 Data Centres
    • 3.8 Internet Market
      • 3.8.1 Overview
        • 3.8.1.1 Internet Statistics
        • 3.8.1.2 Free Internet Project
        • 3.8.1.3 Affordable Personal Computer (Apc) Programs
        • 3.8.1.4 E-Schools
      • 3.8.2 Internet Gateways
      • 3.8.3 Cairo Regional Internet Exchange (Crix)
      • 3.8.4 Internet Access Locations
        • 3.8.4.1 Multipurpose Community Telecentres (Mcts)
      • 3.8.5 Egypt's Isp Market
        • 3.8.5.1 Overview Of Selected Isps
        • 3.8.5.1.1 Egynet
        • 3.8.5.1.2 Linkdotnet
        • 3.8.5.1.3 Nile Online (Nol)
        • 3.8.5.1.4 Te Data
        • 3.8.5.1.5 Other Isps
    • 3.9 Broadband Market
      • 3.9.1 Broadband Initiative
      • 3.9.2 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (Adsl)
      • 3.9.3 Wireless Broadband
        • 3.9.3.1 Wifi
        • 3.9.3.2 Wimax
        • 3.9.3.3 Cdma2000 1x Ev-Do
      • 3.9.4 Broadband Via Satellite
      • 3.9.5 Broadband Over Powerlines (Bpl)
    • 3.10 Convergence
      • 3.10.1 Voip Telephony
      • 3.10.2 Next Generation Network (Ngn)
      • 3.10.3 Iptv
      • 3.10.4 E-Commerce
        • 3.10.4.1 E-Commerce Initiatives
        • 3.10.4.2 E-Commerce Legislation
      • 3.10.5 Information Highway Project
      • 3.10.6 E-Government
      • 3.10.7 E-Learning
    • 3.11 Mobile Communications
      • 3.11.1 Overview Of Egypt's Mobile Market
        • 3.11.1.1 Telecom Egypt's Mobile Deal
        • 3.11.1.2 Third Mobile Licence
        • 3.11.1.3 Mobile Subscriber Statistics
      • 3.11.2 Regulatory Issues
        • 3.11.2.1 Tariff Structure
        • 3.11.2.2 International Gateways
        • 3.11.2.3 Mobile Number Portability (Mnp)
        • 3.11.2.4 Registration Of User Details
      • 3.11.3 Major Mobile Operators
        • 3.11.3.1 Mobinil (Ecms)
        • 3.11.3.1.1 Shareholder Structure
        • 3.11.3.1.2 Company Statistics
        • 3.11.3.1.3 Network Development
        • 3.11.3.1.4 Services
        • 3.11.3.1.5 Arpu And Usage
        • 3.11.3.2 Vodafone Egypt
        • 3.11.3.2.1 Shareholder Structure
        • 3.11.3.2.2 Subscriber Statistics
        • 3.11.3.2.3 Services
        • 3.11.3.2.4 Arpu
        • 3.11.3.3 Etisalat Misr
      • 3.11.4 Mobile Voice Services
        • 3.11.4.1 Prepaid Services
        • 3.11.4.2 Satellite Mobile
      • 3.11.5 Mobile Data Services
        • 3.11.5.1 Short Message Service (Sms)
        • 3.11.5.2 Multimedia Messaging Service (Mms)
        • 3.11.5.3 Wireless Application Protocol (Wap)
        • 3.11.5.4 Gprs And Edge
        • 3.11.5.5 Mobile Tv
      • 3.11.6 3g
      • 3.11.7 Mobile Content And Applications
        • 3.11.7.1 Mobile Banking
    • 3.12 Forecasts
      • 3.12.1 Forecasts Fixed-Line Services To 2015
      • 3.12.2 Forecasts Internet Users To 2015
      • 3.12.3 Forecasts Broadband Subscribers To 2015
      • 3.12.4 Forecasts Mobile Subscribers To 2015
      • 3.12.5 Forecasts Mobile Arpu To 2015
  • 4. Libya
    • 4.1 Key Statistics
    • 4.2 Country Overview
    • 4.3 Overview Of Libya's Telecom Market
    • 4.4 Fixed Network Operator In Libya
      • 4.4.1 General Posts And Telecommunications Company (Gptc)
        • 4.4.1.1 Fixed-Line Statistics
        • 4.4.1.2 Network Infrastructure
        • 4.4.1.3 Cdma2000 Wll
        • 4.4.1.4 National Fibre Backbone
        • 4.4.1.5 Next Generation Network (Ngn)
        • 4.4.1.6 International Submarine Cable Networks
        • 4.4.1.7 Satellite Networks
    • 4.5 Internet Market
      • 4.5.1 Overview
        • 4.5.1.1 Internet Statistics
      • 4.5.2 Computer Initiatives One Laptop Per Child (Olpc)
      • 4.5.3 Libya's Isp Market
        • 4.5.3.1 Libya Telecom & Technology (Ltt)
    • 4.6 Broadband Market
      • 4.6.1 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (Adsl)
      • 4.6.2 Wimax
      • 4.6.3 Satellite Broadband
    • 4.7 Convergence
      • 4.7.1 Voice Over Internet Protocol (Voip)
    • 4.8 Mobile Communications
      • 4.8.1 Market Overview And Analysis 2008
        • 4.8.1.1 Mobile Statistics
      • 4.8.2 Major Mobile Operators
        • 4.8.2.1 El-Madar
        • 4.8.2.1.1 Tariffs
        • 4.8.2.2 Libyana
        • 4.8.2.2.1 Tariffs
      • 4.8.3 Mobile Data Services
        • 4.8.3.1 Short Message Service (Sms)
        • 4.8.3.2 Multimedia Messaging Service (Mms)
        • 4.8.3.3 (Gprs/Edge
      • 4.8.4 3g/Hsdpa
      • 4.8.5 Mobile Tv
      • 4.8.6 Satellite Mobile
  • 5. Morocco
    • 5.1 Key Statistics
    • 5.2 Overview Of Morocco's Telecom Market
    • 5.3 Regulatory Environment
      • 5.3.1 Telecommunications Law 1997
        • 5.3.1.1 Telecom Law Amendments 2002
      • 5.3.2 Law 55-01 Of 2004
      • 5.3.3 Regulatory Authority
        • 5.3.3.1 Agence Nationale De Reglementation Des Telecommunications (Anrt)
      • 5.3.4 Universal Service
        • 5.3.4.1 Universal Service Fund (Usf)
      • 5.3.5 Telecom Sector Liberalisation In Morocco
      • 5.3.6 Interconnection
      • 5.3.7 Number Portability
      • 5.3.8 Unbundled Local Loop (Ull)
    • 5.4 Fixed Network Operators In Morocco
      • 5.4.1 Fixed-Line Statistics
      • 5.4.2 Maroc Telecom
        • 5.4.2.1 Privatisation
        • 5.4.2.2 International Expansion
        • 5.4.2.3 National Backbone Network
        • 5.4.2.4 Public Call Offices (Teleboutiques)
      • 5.4.3 Medi Telecom (Meditel)
      • 5.4.4 Wana (Formerly Maroc Connect)
    • 5.5 International Infrastructure
      • 5.5.1 Fibre Optic Submarine Cable Networks
    • 5.6 Internet Market
      • 5.6.1 Overview
        • 5.6.1.1 Internet Statistics
      • 5.6.2 Internet Connectivity
      • 5.6.3 National Fibre Backbone
      • 5.6.4 The Marwan Network
      • 5.6.5 Morocco's Isp Market
        • 5.6.5.1 Maroc Telecom (Menara)
        • 5.6.5.2 Mtds
    • 5.7 Broadband Market
      • 5.7.1 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (Adsl)
      • 5.7.2 3g Mobile Broadband
        • 5.7.2.1 Wana (Formerly Maroc Connect)
        • 5.7.2.2 Meditel
        • 5.7.2.3 Maroc Telecom
      • 5.7.3 Broadband Via Satellite
    • 5.8 Convergence
      • 5.8.1 Voip Telephony
      • 5.8.2 E-Commerce
      • 5.8.3 E-Learning
      • 5.8.4 Iptv
    • 5.9 Mobile Communications
      • 5.9.1 Overview And Analysis Of Morocco's Mobile Market 2008 - 2009
        • 5.9.1.1 Mobile Statistics
      • 5.9.2 Mobile Technologies
        • 5.9.2.1 3g
        • 5.9.2.1.1 Licensing
        • 5.9.2.1.2 Services
        • 5.9.2.2 Tetra (Terrestrial Trunked Radio)
      • 5.9.3 Major Mobile Operators
        • 5.9.3.1 Maroc Telecom (Iam)
        • 5.9.3.2 Medi Telecom (Meditel)
        • 5.9.3.3 Wana
      • 5.9.4 Mobile Voice Services
        • 5.9.4.1 Satellite Mobile
      • 5.9.5 Mobile Data Services
        • 5.9.5.1 Short Message Service (Sms)
        • 5.9.5.2 Multimedia Messaging Service (Mms)
        • 5.9.5.3 General Packet Radio Service (Gprs)
        • 5.9.5.4 Blackberry
        • 5.9.5.5 Mobile Tv
    • 5.10 Forecasts
      • 5.10.1 Forecasts Fixed-Line And Fixed-Wireless Services To 2015
      • 5.10.2 Forecasts Internet Users To 2015
      • 5.10.3 Forecasts Broadband Services To 2015
      • 5.10.4 Forecasts Mobile Market To 2015
  • 6. Sudan
    • 6.1 Key Statistics
    • 6.2 Overview Of Sudan's Telecom Market
    • 6.3 Regulatory Environment
      • 6.3.1 Background
      • 6.3.2 Regulatory Authority
        • 6.3.2.1 National Telecommunication Corporation (Ntc)
      • 6.3.3 Telecom Sector Liberalisation In Sudan
    • 6.4 Fixed Network Operators In Sudan
      • 6.4.1 Fixed-Line Statistics
      • 6.4.2 Sudatel
        • 6.4.2.1 Privatisation
        • 6.4.2.2 Fixed-Line Infrastructure
        • 6.4.2.3 Wireless Local Loop (Wll)
        • 6.4.2.4 Very Small Aperture Terminal (Vsat)
        • 6.4.2.5 National Fibre Backbone
        • 6.4.2.6 International Expansion
      • 6.4.3 Canartel (Canar Telecom)
    • 6.5 International Infrastructure
      • 6.5.1 Submarine Cable Networks
    • 6.6 Internet Market
      • 6.6.1 Overview
        • 6.6.1.1 Internet Statistics
      • 6.6.2 Sudan Internet Society (Sis)
      • 6.6.3 Sudan's Isp Market
        • 6.6.3.1 Sudanet
        • 6.6.3.2 Zinanet
        • 6.6.3.3 Mobinet
    • 6.7 Broadband Market
      • 6.7.1 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (Adsl)
      • 6.7.2 Evolution-Data Optimised (Ev-Do)
      • 6.7.3 Broadband Via Satellite
    • 6.8 Convergence
      • 6.8.1 Voice Over Internet Protocol (Voip)
    • 6.9 Mobile Communications
      • 6.9.1 Overview Of Sudan's Mobile Market
        • 6.9.1.1 Mobile Statistics
      • 6.9.2 Mobile Technologies
        • 6.9.2.1 Third-Generation (3g)
      • 6.9.3 Major Mobile Operators
        • 6.9.3.1 Zain (Mobitel, Celtel)
        • 6.9.3.2 Mtn Sudan (Bashair Telecom, Investcom/Areeba)
        • 6.9.3.3 Sudani (Sudatel)
      • 6.9.4 Mobile Voice Services
        • 6.9.4.1 Satellite Mobile
      • 6.9.5 Mobile Data Services
    • 6.10 Southern Sudan
      • 6.10.1 Network Of The World (Now)
      • 6.10.2 Gemtel
  • 7. Tunisia
    • 7.1 Key Statistics
    • 7.2 Overview Of Tunisia's Telecom Market
      • 7.2.1 World Economic Forum Ranking
    • 7.3 Regulatory Environment
      • 7.3.1 Background
      • 7.3.2 Telecommunications Act 2001
        • 7.3.2.1 2008 Amendments
      • 7.3.3 Regulatory Authorities
        • 7.3.3.1 Instance Nationale Des Telecommunications (Int)
        • 7.3.3.2 Office National De La Telediffusion (Ont)
      • 7.3.4 Telecom Sector Liberalisation In Tunisia
    • 7.4 Fixed Network Operators In Tunisia
      • 7.4.1 Tunisie Telecom (Tt)
        • 7.4.1.1 Privatisation
        • 7.4.1.2 Fixed-Line Statistics
        • 7.4.1.3 National Telecom Network
        • 7.4.1.4 International Infrastructure
        • 7.4.1.4.1 Submarine Fibre Optic Cable Systems
      • 7.4.2 Second Fixed-Line Licence
    • 7.5 Data Market
      • 7.5.1 Vsat
    • 7.6 Internet Market
      • 7.6.1 Overview
        • 7.6.1.1 Internet Statistics
      • 7.6.2 Pc Market
      • 7.6.3 Public Internet Access
      • 7.6.4 Agence Tunisienne D'internet (Ati)
      • 7.6.5 Tunisia's Isp Market
        • 7.6.5.1 Public Sector Isps
        • 7.6.5.2 Private Sector Isps
    • 7.7 Broadband Market
      • 7.7.1 Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (Adsl)
      • 7.7.2 Wimax
      • 7.7.3 Dsl By Satellite
    • 7.8 Convergence
      • 7.8.1 Voice Over Internet Protocol (Voip)
      • 7.8.2 E-Commerce
      • 7.8.3 E-Government
    • 7.9 Mobile Communications
      • 7.9.1 Overview Of Tunisia's Mobile Market
        • 7.9.1.1 Mobile Statistics
      • 7.9.2 Mobile Technologies
        • 7.9.2.1 Third Generation (3g)
      • 7.9.3 Major Mobile Operators
        • 7.9.3.1 Tunisie Telecom (Tunicell)
        • 7.9.3.2 Orascom Telecom Tunisia (Tunisiana)
      • 7.9.4 Mobile Voice Services
        • 7.9.4.1 Satellite Mobile
      • 7.9.5 Mobile Data Services
        • 7.9.5.1 Short Message Service (Sms)
        • 7.9.5.2 Multimedia Messaging Service (Mms)
        • 7.9.5.3 Mobile Internet
  • 8. Glossary Of Abbreviations
  • List Of Tables
    • Table 1 Country Statistics Algeria 2008
    • Table 2 Telephone Network Statistics 2007
    • Table 3 Internet Provider Statistics 2007
    • Table 4 Internet User Statistics 2007
    • Table 5 Mobile Statistics March 2008
    • Table 6 National Telecommunications Authority
    • Table 7 Fixed Lines In Service And Teledensity 1995 - 2007
    • Table 8 Internet Users And Penetration Rate 1997; 1999 - 2007
    • Table 9 Djaweb Dsl Pricing 2008
    • Table 10 Mobile Subscribers And Penetration Rate 1995; 1997; 1999 - 2008
    • Table 11 Mobile Operators, Subscribers And Annual Change March 2008
    • Table 12 Djezzy Blended Monthly Arpu 2002 - 2008
    • Table 13 Djezzy Gprs Pricing 2008
    • Table 14 Forecast Fixed-Line And Fixed-Wireless Subscribers 2010; 2015
    • Table 15 Forecast Internet Users 2010; 2015
    • Table 16 Forecast Mobile Subscribers 2010; 2015
    • Table 17 Country Statistics Chad 2008
    • Table 18 Telephone Network Statistics 2007
    • Table 19 Internet Provider Statistics 2008
    • Table 20 Internet User Statistics 2007
    • Table 21 Mobile Statistics September 2008
    • Table 22 National Telecommunications Authority
    • Table 23 Fixed Lines In Service And Teledensity 1995 - 2007
    • Table 24 International Internet Bandwidth In Mb/S 1999 - 2007
    • Table 25 Internet Users And Penetration Rate 1998 - 2007
    • Table 26 Mobile Operators, Subscribers And Annual Change September 2008
    • Table 27 Zain Chad Monthly Arpu 2002 - 2008
    • Table 28 Country Statistics Egypt 2008
    • Table 29 Telephone Network Statistics June 2008
    • Table 30 Internet Provider Statistics 2008
    • Table 31 Internet User Statistics March 2008
    • Table 32 Broadband Statistics February 2008
    • Table 33 Mobile Statistics June 2008
    • Table 34 National Telecommunications Authorities
    • Table 35 Telecom Egypt Key Performance Indicators 2003 - 2007
    • Table 36 Fixed Lines In Service And Teledensity 1995 - 2008
    • Table 37 Public Payphones Per Operator 2002 - 2008
    • Table 38 Internet Users And Penetration Rate 1995; 1997; 1999 - 2008
    • Table 39 Dsl Subscribers In Egypt 2002 - 2008
    • Table 40 Mobile Subscribers, Annual Change And Penetration 1996; 1998; 2000 - 2008
    • Table 41 Mobile Operators, Subscribers And Annual Change June 2008
    • Table 42 Mobinil Subscribers 1998; 2000 - 2008
    • Table 43 Mobinil Key Performance Indicators 2002 - 2007
    • Table 44 Mobinil Blended Monthly Arpu And Aupu 2002 - 2007
    • Table 45 Vodafone Egypt Subscribers 1998; 2000 - 2008
    • Table 46 Vodafone Egypt Blended Monthly Arpu 2003 - 2007
    • Table 47 Forecast Fixed-Line And Fixed-Wireless Subscribers 2010; 2015
    • Table 48 Forecast - Internet Users 2010; 2015
    • Table 49 Forecast - Broadband Subscribers 2010; 2015
    • Table 50 Forecast Mobile Subscribers 2010; 2015
    • Table 51 Egypt Blended Monthly Mobile Arpu 2003 - 2007
    • Table 52 Forecast Blended Mobile Arpu 2010; 2015
    • Table 53 Country Statistics Libya 2008
    • Table 54 Telephone Network Statistics 2007
    • Table 55 Internet Provider Statistics 2008
    • Table 56 Internet User Statistics 2007
    • Table 57 Mobile Statistics March 2008
    • Table 58 National Telecommunications Authority
    • Table 59 Fixed Lines In Service And Teledensity 1995 - 2007
    • Table 60 Internet Users And Penetration Rate 1999 - 2007
    • Table 61 Mobile Operators, Subscribers And Annual Change March 2008
    • Table 62 Mobile Subscribers And Penetration Rate 1998 - 2008
    • Table 63 Country Statistics Morocco 2008
    • Table 64 Telephone Network Statistics June 2008
    • Table 65 Internet Provider Statistics June 2008
    • Table 66 Internet Statistics June 2008
    • Table 67 Mobile Statistics June 2008
    • Table 68 National Telecommunications Authoritiy
    • Table 69 Fixed And Fixed-Wireless Lines In Service And Teledensity 1994 - 2008
    • Table 70 Internet Users And Penetration Rate 1997 - 2008
    • Table 71 International Internet Bandwidth 1999 - 2008
    • Table 72 Internet Subscribers By Isp And Market Share June 2008
    • Table 73 Maroc Telecom Internet Subscribers By Access Technology 2003 - 2008
    • Table 74 Internet Subscribers, Adsl Subscribers Mt And Total 2003 - 2008
    • Table 75 Distribution Of Adsl Access By Speed June 2008
    • Table 76 3g Mobile Broadband Subscribers By Operator And Market Share June 2008
    • Table 77 Mobile Subscribers And Penetration Rate 1994; 1996; 1998 - 2008
    • Table 78 Mobile Operators, Subscribers And Annual Change March 2008
    • Table 79 Maroc Telecom Domestic Mobile Subscribers And Market Share 2002 - 2008
    • Table 80 Maroc Telecom Domestic Blended Monthly Mobile Arpu And Churn Rate 2003 - 2008
    • Table 81 Maroc Telecom Domestic Mobile Revenue And Ebit 2005 - 2007
    • Table 82 Meditel Mobile Subscribers And Market Share 2002 - 2008
    • Table 83 Maroc Telecom Gprs Pricing 2008
    • Table 84 Meditel Gprs Pricing 2008
    • Table 85 Forecast Fixed-Line And Fixed-Wireless Subscribers 2010; 2015
    • Table 86 Forecast Internet Users 2010; 2015
    • Table 87 Forecast Broadband Subscribers 2010; 2015
    • Table 88 Forecast Mobile Subscribers 2010; 2015
    • Table 89 Country Statistics Sudan 2008
    • Table 90 Telephone Network Statistics 2007
    • Table 91 Internet Provider Statistics 2008
    • Table 92 Internet User Statistics 2007
    • Table 93 Mobile Statistics September 2008
    • Table 94 National Telecommunications Authority
    • Table 95 Fixed Lines In Service And Teledensity 1994 - 2007
    • Table 96 Canartel Home Pricing 2008
    • Table 97 Internet Users And Penetration Rate 1997 - 2007
    • Table 98 Mobile Subscribers And Penetration Rate 1996 - 2008
    • Table 99 mobile Operators, Subscribers And Annual Change September 2008
    • Table 100 Zain Sudan Monthly Arpu 2003 - 2008
    • Table 101 Mtn Sudan Monthly Arpu 2006 - 2008
    • Table 102 Country Statistics Tunisia 2008
    • Table 103 Telephone Network Statistics September 2008
    • Table 104 Internet Provider Statistics September 2008
    • Table 105 Internet Statistics September 2008
    • Table 106 Mobile Statistics September 2008
    • Table 107 National Telecommunications Authorities
    • Table 108 Fixed Lines In Service And Teledensity 1995 - 2008
    • Table 109 Data Service Subscribers By Technology 2001 - 2008
    • Table 110 Internet Subscribers, Users And Penetration 1999 - 2008
    • Table 111 Pc Penetration 1999 - 2008
    • Table 112 Adsl Subscribers Versus Total Internet Subscribers 2002 - 2008
    • Table 113 Mobile Operators, Subscribers And Annual Change March 2008
    • Table 114 Mobile Subscribers And Penetration Rate 1995 - 2008
    • Table 115 Tunisiana Subscribers And Blended Monthly Arpu 2002 - 2008
    • Table 116 Tunicell Gprs Pricing 2008
    • Table 117 Tunisiana Gprs Pricing 2008
  • List Of Exhibits
    • Exhibit 1 Major Licences Issued 2008
    • Exhibit 2 National And Regional Fibre Networks
    • Exhibit 3 Data Service Provider Licences In Egypt And Year Of Issue
    • Exhibit 4 An Analysis Of Egypt's Third Mobile Licence Valuation
    • Exhibit 5 Vodafone Egypt Listing On Cairo And Alexandria Stock Exchange
    • Exhibit 6 Analysis Of Maroc Telecom's Fixed-Line Rollercoaster Ride
    • Exhibit 7 Tunisia's Strategy To Promote The Information Society
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