US Beverage Containers Market, Freedonia
- June 2015
- 320 pages
- Freedonia
Strong growth in healthy beverages to support gains
Demand for beverage containers in the US is forecast to increase just under two percent annually through 2019, outpacing beverage production as the shift toward smaller containers continues. Best opportunities are expected in the healthy beverage segments including water, sports drinks, almond milk, and ready-todrink tea and coffee. Among packaging materials, the fastest growth will be registered by containers that are environmentally friendly and offer cost savings and marketing advantages. Plastic is the leading beverage container material type overall and it will continue to post gains well above the industry average.
Beverage container size proliferation to persist
One of the most important trends in beverage containers is the proliferation of sizes in nearly all segments and this is having a material impact on the number of units sold. In many cases, the trend is toward smaller single-serving containers, especially for those beverages with higher calorie counts such as carbonated soft drinks. Some of the new sizes have been the result of efforts by manufacturers to maintain profitability while keeping product prices steady. In other cases smaller containers are being offered for convenience and portability reasons. While smaller containers in general are seeing the fastest growth, in some segments there is a concurrent move toward larger packaging, most notably with bag-in-box products in the wine industry and larger aluminum cans in the beer industry.
Plastic bottles & aluminum cans to remain dominant; newer formats to grow faster
While plastic bottles and aluminum cans will continue to dominate unit sales, faster growth will be registered by newer formats such as pouches, aluminum bottles, aseptic containers, and bag-inbox packages. These containers help beverage manufacturers differentiate their products from their competitors’ while also offering functional improvements and/or cost savings. In contrast, traditional containers like glass bottles and gabletop cartons will continue to face competition from plastic containers in most markets, although this trend has mostly run its course. Going forward these formats will benefit from their use with organic and specialty beverages. Metal cans have seen a resurgence of interest in recent years due to their cost and environmental advantages, although this trend is masked by the increasing prevalence of larger sizes, which mutes unit growth to some degree.
Changes in demographics, consumer preferences to continue shifting demand
Demographic changes, a preference for convenience, and health concerns have been behind many of the shifts in beverage packaging usage over the past decade and this is expected to continue. Younger consumers are drinking a wider variety of alcoholic beverages and are more amenable to novel packaging concepts including single-serve bottles for wine and pouches for flavored alcoholic beverages. These package types, along with bag-in-box wines, are also convenient to use and reduce waste. Health concerns are boosting sales of smaller cans across a number of markets, most notably carbonated soft drinks, while smaller glass and plastic bottles are increasingly used for wine, fruit juice, and milk.
Study coverage
This upcoming Freedonia industry study, Beverage Containers, is priced at $5300. The study presents historical demand data for 2004, 2009, and 2014, plus forecasts for 2019 and 2024 by major market and by container material type. The study also discusses market environment issues, evaluates company market share and profiles 38 US industry participants such as Amcor, Ardagh Group, Owens-Illinois, Ball and Rexam.
Demand for beverage containers in the US is forecast to increase just under two percent annually through 2019, outpacing beverage production as the shift toward smaller containers continues. Best opportunities are expected in the healthy beverage segments including water, sports drinks, almond milk, and ready-todrink tea and coffee. Among packaging materials, the fastest growth will be registered by containers that are environmentally friendly and offer cost savings and marketing advantages. Plastic is the leading beverage container material type overall and it will continue to post gains well above the industry average.
Beverage container size proliferation to persist
One of the most important trends in beverage containers is the proliferation of sizes in nearly all segments and this is having a material impact on the number of units sold. In many cases, the trend is toward smaller single-serving containers, especially for those beverages with higher calorie counts such as carbonated soft drinks. Some of the new sizes have been the result of efforts by manufacturers to maintain profitability while keeping product prices steady. In other cases smaller containers are being offered for convenience and portability reasons. While smaller containers in general are seeing the fastest growth, in some segments there is a concurrent move toward larger packaging, most notably with bag-in-box products in the wine industry and larger aluminum cans in the beer industry.
Plastic bottles & aluminum cans to remain dominant; newer formats to grow faster
While plastic bottles and aluminum cans will continue to dominate unit sales, faster growth will be registered by newer formats such as pouches, aluminum bottles, aseptic containers, and bag-inbox packages. These containers help beverage manufacturers differentiate their products from their competitors’ while also offering functional improvements and/or cost savings. In contrast, traditional containers like glass bottles and gabletop cartons will continue to face competition from plastic containers in most markets, although this trend has mostly run its course. Going forward these formats will benefit from their use with organic and specialty beverages. Metal cans have seen a resurgence of interest in recent years due to their cost and environmental advantages, although this trend is masked by the increasing prevalence of larger sizes, which mutes unit growth to some degree.
Changes in demographics, consumer preferences to continue shifting demand
Demographic changes, a preference for convenience, and health concerns have been behind many of the shifts in beverage packaging usage over the past decade and this is expected to continue. Younger consumers are drinking a wider variety of alcoholic beverages and are more amenable to novel packaging concepts including single-serve bottles for wine and pouches for flavored alcoholic beverages. These package types, along with bag-in-box wines, are also convenient to use and reduce waste. Health concerns are boosting sales of smaller cans across a number of markets, most notably carbonated soft drinks, while smaller glass and plastic bottles are increasingly used for wine, fruit juice, and milk.
Study coverage
This upcoming Freedonia industry study, Beverage Containers, is priced at $5300. The study presents historical demand data for 2004, 2009, and 2014, plus forecasts for 2019 and 2024 by major market and by container material type. The study also discusses market environment issues, evaluates company market share and profiles 38 US industry participants such as Amcor, Ardagh Group, Owens-Illinois, Ball and Rexam.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION xi
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1
II. MARKET ENVIRONMENT 4
General 4
Macroeconomic Outlook 5
Demographic & Household Trends 9
Consumer Income & Spending Trends 13
Beverage Industry Overview 16
Nonalcoholic Beverages 20
Alcoholic Beverages 22
Packaging Trends 24
Historical Market Trends 27
Pricing Trends 30
Environmental & Regulatory Issues 33
Recycling Trends 35
Regulatory Considerations 38
Technological Overview 41
World Markets 45
International Trade 48
III. MARKETS 50
General 50
Nonalcoholic Beverages 52
Carbonated Soft Drinks 55
Overview 55
Container Demand 58
Bottled Water 61
Overview 61
Container Demand 64
Milk 67
Overview 67
Container Demand 70
Fruit Beverages 72
Overview 72
Container Demand 74
Sports Beverages 77
Overview 77
Container Demand 79
Ready-to-Drink Tea 81
Overview 81
Container Demand 83
Enhanced Water 86
Overview 86
Container Demand 89
Other Nonalcoholic Ready-to-Drink Beverages 91
Overview 92
Container Demand 96
Energy Drinks 98
Ready-to-Drink Coffee 99
Nondairy Milk 101
All Other 102
Alcoholic Beverages 103
Beer 105
Overview 106
Container Demand 109
Captive Container Production 112
Wine 113
Overview 113
Container Demand 116
Distilled Spirits 119
Overview 119
Container Demand 122
Other Alcoholic Beverages 124
Overview 124
Container Demand 127
IV. CONTAINER OVERVIEW 131
General 131
Container Demand 131
V. PLASTIC CONTAINERS 136
General 136
Types 136
Bottles 137
Pouches & Other 138
Resins 142
PET 144
HDPE & Other 146
Markets 148
Water 151
Carbonated Soft Drinks 154
Fruit Beverages 156
Milk 160
Other 164
Sports Beverages 165
Enhanced Water 166
Ready-to-Drink Tea 167
Other Nonalcoholic RTD Beverages 168
Distilled Spirits 169
Beer 171
Wine & Other Alcoholic Beverages 172
VI. METAL CONTAINERS 174
General 174
Merchant Versus Captive Production 177
Materials 177
Aluminum 178
Steel 182
Markets 183
Carbonated Soft Drinks 185
Beer 186
Other 189
Fruit Beverages 191
Ready-to-Drink Tea 192
Other Nonalcoholic Ready-to-Drink Beverages 192
All Other 194
VII. GLASS BOTTLES 196
General 196
Markets 198
Beer 200
Wine 202
Other 205
Nonalcoholic 206
Ready-to-Drink Tea 206
Fruit Beverages 207
Carbonated Soft Drinks 208
Bottled Water, Enhanced Water, & Milk 209
Other Nonalcoholic Ready-to-Drink Beverages 210
Alcoholic 210
VIII. PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS 212
General 212
Types 214
Markets 216
Fruit Beverages 218
Milk 220
Other 222
IX. INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 227
General 227
Industry Composition & Market Share 228
Plastic 231
Metal 231
Glass 232
Paperboard 233
Market Leaders & Competitive Strategies 234
Acquisitions & Divestures 243
Manufacturing & Development 247
Marketing & Distribution 249
Integration 253
Cooperative Agreements 255
Company Profiles 258
Alcoa Incorporated 259
Amcor Limited 260
Ampac Packaging LLC 262
Anchor Glass Container Corporation 263
Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV 264
Ardagh Group SA 266
Ball Corporation 268
Berry Plastics Corporation 271
CCL Industries Incorporated 272
CKS Packaging Incorporated 273
Coca-Cola Company Incorporated 274
Consolidated Container Company LLC 277
Crown Holdings Incorporated 278
Dean Foods Company 280
Empaque, see Crown Holdings
Evergreen Packaging, see Reynolds Group Holdings
Exal Group 281
Gallo (E&J) Winery 283
Graham Packaging, see Reynolds Group Holdings
Hindalco Industries Limited 284
Kraft Foods Group Incorporated 286
Liqui-Box Corporation 287
Mayfield Dairy Farms, see Dean Foods
Metal Container, see Anheuser-Busch InBev
MillerCoors, see Molson Coors Brewing
Molson Coors Brewing Company 289
Nestlé SA 291
Novelis, see Hindalco Industries
Onex Corporation 293
Owens-Illinois Group Incorporated 294
PepsiCo Incorporated 297
Plastipak Holdings Incorporated 298
Pretium Packaging LLC 300
Rexam plc 301
Reynolds Group Holdings Limited 304
Rocky Mountain Bottle, see Molson Coors Brewing and
Owens-Illinois Group
Rocky Mountain Metal Container, see Ball and Molson
Coors Brewing
Saint-Gobain 308
Scholle Corporation 309
Shelburne Plastics, see Consolidated Container
SIG Combibloc Group, see Onex
Silgan Holdings Incorporated 310
Sonoco Products Company 312
Tetra Laval International SA 314
Verallia North America, see Ardagh Group
Vitro SAB de CV 316
Other Companies Mentioned in Study 318
LIST OF TABLES
SECTION I -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Summary Table 3
SECTION II -- MARKET ENVIRONMENT
1 Macroeconomic Indicators 9
2 Population & Households 13
3 Personal Consumption Expenditures 16
4 Packaged Beverage Production 19
5 Nonalcoholic Beverage Production by Type 22
6 Alcoholic Beverage Production by Type 24
7 Packaging Supply & Demand 27
8 Beverage Container Market, 2004-2014 30
9 Beverage Container Pricing 32
10 Container Recycling Rates 38
SECTION III -- MARKETS
1 Beverage Container Demand by Market 51
2 Nonalcoholic Beverage Container Demand by Market 55
3 Packaged Carbonated Soft Drink Production by Material 58
4 Carbonated Soft Drink Container Demand by Material 61
5 Nonbulk Packaged Water Production by Material 64
6 Bottled Water Container Demand by Material 67
7 Packaged Milk Production by Material 69
8 Milk Container Demand by Material 71
9 Packaged Fruit Beverage Production by Material 74
10 Fruit Beverage Container Demand by Material 77
11 Sports Beverage Production by Material 79
12 Sports Beverage Container Demand by Material 81
13 Packaged Ready-to-Drink Tea Production by Material 83
14 Packaged Ready-to-Drink Tea Container Demand by Material 86
15 Enhanced Water Production by Material 89
16 Enhanced Water Container Demand by Material 91
17 Other Packaged Ready-to-Drink Beverage Production
by Material 96
18 Other Ready-to-Drink Beverage Container Demand
19 Alcoholic Beverage Container Demand by Market 105
20 Packaged Beer Production by Material 109
21 Beer Container Demand by Material 112
22 Packaged Wine Production by Material 115
23 Wine Container Demand by Material 119
24 Packaged Distilled Spirits Production by Material 121
25 Distilled Spirits Container Demand by Material 123
26 Other Alcoholic Beverage Production by Material 127
27 Other Alcoholic Beverage Container Demand by Material 130
SECTION IV -- CONTAINER OVERVIEW
1 Packaged Beverage Production & Beverage Container Demand
by Material 134
SECTION V -- PLASTIC CONTAINERS
1 Plastic Beverage Container Demand by Type 137
2 Resin Use in Plastic Beverage Containers 144
3 Plastic Beverage Container Demand by Market 150
4 Plastic Water Container Demand 154
5 Plastic Carbonated Soft Drink Container Demand 156
6 Plastic Fruit Beverage Container Demand 160
7 Plastic Milk Container Demand 163
8 Other Plastic Beverage Container Demand by Market 164
SECTION VI -- METAL CONTAINERS
1 Metal Beverage Container Demand 176
2 Metal Beverage Container Demand by Material 178
3 Metal Beverage Container Demand by Market 184
4 Metal Carbonated Soft Drink Container Demand 186
5 Metal Beer Container Demand 189
6 Other Metal Beverage Container Demand by Market 191
SECTION VII -- GLASS BOTTLES
1 Glass Beverage Container Demand by Market 199
2 Glass Beer Bottle Demand 202
3 Glass Wine Bottle Demand 204
4 Other Glass Beverage Bottle Demand by Market 206
SECTION VIII -- PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS
1 Paperboard Beverage Container Demand by Type 216
2 Paperboard Beverage Container Demand by Market 217
3 Paperboard Fruit Beverage Container Demand 220
4 Paperboard Milk Container Demand 222
5 Other Paperboard Beverage Container Demand by Market 226
SECTION IX -- INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
1 US Beverage Container Sales by Company, 2014 230
2 Selected Acquisitions & Divestitures 246
3 Selected Cooperative Agreements 257
LIST OF CHARTS
SECTION II -- MARKET ENVIRONMENT
1 Packaged Beverage Production by Type, 2014 20
SECTION III -- MARKETS
1 Beverage Container Demand by Market, 2014 52
SECTION IV -- CONTAINER OVERVIEW
1 Packaged Beverage Production by Material, 2014
Volume & Units 135
SECTION V -- PLASTIC CONTAINERS
1 Plastic Beverage Container Demand by Market, 2014 151
SECTION VI -- METAL CONTAINERS
1 Metal Beverage Container Demand by Market, 2014 184
SECTION VII -- GLASS BOTTLES
1 Glass Beverage Container Demand by Market, 2014 200
SECTION VIII -- PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS
1 Paperboard Beverage Container Demand by Market, 2014 218
SECTION IX -- INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
1 US Beverage Container Market Share, 2014 235
INTRODUCTION xi
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1
II. MARKET ENVIRONMENT 4
General 4
Macroeconomic Outlook 5
Demographic & Household Trends 9
Consumer Income & Spending Trends 13
Beverage Industry Overview 16
Nonalcoholic Beverages 20
Alcoholic Beverages 22
Packaging Trends 24
Historical Market Trends 27
Pricing Trends 30
Environmental & Regulatory Issues 33
Recycling Trends 35
Regulatory Considerations 38
Technological Overview 41
World Markets 45
International Trade 48
III. MARKETS 50
General 50
Nonalcoholic Beverages 52
Carbonated Soft Drinks 55
Overview 55
Container Demand 58
Bottled Water 61
Overview 61
Container Demand 64
Milk 67
Overview 67
Container Demand 70
Fruit Beverages 72
Overview 72
Container Demand 74
Sports Beverages 77
Overview 77
Container Demand 79
Ready-to-Drink Tea 81
Overview 81
Container Demand 83
Enhanced Water 86
Overview 86
Container Demand 89
Other Nonalcoholic Ready-to-Drink Beverages 91
Overview 92
Container Demand 96
Energy Drinks 98
Ready-to-Drink Coffee 99
Nondairy Milk 101
All Other 102
Alcoholic Beverages 103
Beer 105
Overview 106
Container Demand 109
Captive Container Production 112
Wine 113
Overview 113
Container Demand 116
Distilled Spirits 119
Overview 119
Container Demand 122
Other Alcoholic Beverages 124
Overview 124
Container Demand 127
IV. CONTAINER OVERVIEW 131
General 131
Container Demand 131
V. PLASTIC CONTAINERS 136
General 136
Types 136
Bottles 137
Pouches & Other 138
Resins 142
PET 144
HDPE & Other 146
Markets 148
Water 151
Carbonated Soft Drinks 154
Fruit Beverages 156
Milk 160
Other 164
Sports Beverages 165
Enhanced Water 166
Ready-to-Drink Tea 167
Other Nonalcoholic RTD Beverages 168
Distilled Spirits 169
Beer 171
Wine & Other Alcoholic Beverages 172
VI. METAL CONTAINERS 174
General 174
Merchant Versus Captive Production 177
Materials 177
Aluminum 178
Steel 182
Markets 183
Carbonated Soft Drinks 185
Beer 186
Other 189
Fruit Beverages 191
Ready-to-Drink Tea 192
Other Nonalcoholic Ready-to-Drink Beverages 192
All Other 194
VII. GLASS BOTTLES 196
General 196
Markets 198
Beer 200
Wine 202
Other 205
Nonalcoholic 206
Ready-to-Drink Tea 206
Fruit Beverages 207
Carbonated Soft Drinks 208
Bottled Water, Enhanced Water, & Milk 209
Other Nonalcoholic Ready-to-Drink Beverages 210
Alcoholic 210
VIII. PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS 212
General 212
Types 214
Markets 216
Fruit Beverages 218
Milk 220
Other 222
IX. INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 227
General 227
Industry Composition & Market Share 228
Plastic 231
Metal 231
Glass 232
Paperboard 233
Market Leaders & Competitive Strategies 234
Acquisitions & Divestures 243
Manufacturing & Development 247
Marketing & Distribution 249
Integration 253
Cooperative Agreements 255
Company Profiles 258
Alcoa Incorporated 259
Amcor Limited 260
Ampac Packaging LLC 262
Anchor Glass Container Corporation 263
Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV 264
Ardagh Group SA 266
Ball Corporation 268
Berry Plastics Corporation 271
CCL Industries Incorporated 272
CKS Packaging Incorporated 273
Coca-Cola Company Incorporated 274
Consolidated Container Company LLC 277
Crown Holdings Incorporated 278
Dean Foods Company 280
Empaque, see Crown Holdings
Evergreen Packaging, see Reynolds Group Holdings
Exal Group 281
Gallo (E&J) Winery 283
Graham Packaging, see Reynolds Group Holdings
Hindalco Industries Limited 284
Kraft Foods Group Incorporated 286
Liqui-Box Corporation 287
Mayfield Dairy Farms, see Dean Foods
Metal Container, see Anheuser-Busch InBev
MillerCoors, see Molson Coors Brewing
Molson Coors Brewing Company 289
Nestlé SA 291
Novelis, see Hindalco Industries
Onex Corporation 293
Owens-Illinois Group Incorporated 294
PepsiCo Incorporated 297
Plastipak Holdings Incorporated 298
Pretium Packaging LLC 300
Rexam plc 301
Reynolds Group Holdings Limited 304
Rocky Mountain Bottle, see Molson Coors Brewing and
Owens-Illinois Group
Rocky Mountain Metal Container, see Ball and Molson
Coors Brewing
Saint-Gobain 308
Scholle Corporation 309
Shelburne Plastics, see Consolidated Container
SIG Combibloc Group, see Onex
Silgan Holdings Incorporated 310
Sonoco Products Company 312
Tetra Laval International SA 314
Verallia North America, see Ardagh Group
Vitro SAB de CV 316
Other Companies Mentioned in Study 318
LIST OF TABLES
SECTION I -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Summary Table 3
SECTION II -- MARKET ENVIRONMENT
1 Macroeconomic Indicators 9
2 Population & Households 13
3 Personal Consumption Expenditures 16
4 Packaged Beverage Production 19
5 Nonalcoholic Beverage Production by Type 22
6 Alcoholic Beverage Production by Type 24
7 Packaging Supply & Demand 27
8 Beverage Container Market, 2004-2014 30
9 Beverage Container Pricing 32
10 Container Recycling Rates 38
SECTION III -- MARKETS
1 Beverage Container Demand by Market 51
2 Nonalcoholic Beverage Container Demand by Market 55
3 Packaged Carbonated Soft Drink Production by Material 58
4 Carbonated Soft Drink Container Demand by Material 61
5 Nonbulk Packaged Water Production by Material 64
6 Bottled Water Container Demand by Material 67
7 Packaged Milk Production by Material 69
8 Milk Container Demand by Material 71
9 Packaged Fruit Beverage Production by Material 74
10 Fruit Beverage Container Demand by Material 77
11 Sports Beverage Production by Material 79
12 Sports Beverage Container Demand by Material 81
13 Packaged Ready-to-Drink Tea Production by Material 83
14 Packaged Ready-to-Drink Tea Container Demand by Material 86
15 Enhanced Water Production by Material 89
16 Enhanced Water Container Demand by Material 91
17 Other Packaged Ready-to-Drink Beverage Production
by Material 96
18 Other Ready-to-Drink Beverage Container Demand
19 Alcoholic Beverage Container Demand by Market 105
20 Packaged Beer Production by Material 109
21 Beer Container Demand by Material 112
22 Packaged Wine Production by Material 115
23 Wine Container Demand by Material 119
24 Packaged Distilled Spirits Production by Material 121
25 Distilled Spirits Container Demand by Material 123
26 Other Alcoholic Beverage Production by Material 127
27 Other Alcoholic Beverage Container Demand by Material 130
SECTION IV -- CONTAINER OVERVIEW
1 Packaged Beverage Production & Beverage Container Demand
by Material 134
SECTION V -- PLASTIC CONTAINERS
1 Plastic Beverage Container Demand by Type 137
2 Resin Use in Plastic Beverage Containers 144
3 Plastic Beverage Container Demand by Market 150
4 Plastic Water Container Demand 154
5 Plastic Carbonated Soft Drink Container Demand 156
6 Plastic Fruit Beverage Container Demand 160
7 Plastic Milk Container Demand 163
8 Other Plastic Beverage Container Demand by Market 164
SECTION VI -- METAL CONTAINERS
1 Metal Beverage Container Demand 176
2 Metal Beverage Container Demand by Material 178
3 Metal Beverage Container Demand by Market 184
4 Metal Carbonated Soft Drink Container Demand 186
5 Metal Beer Container Demand 189
6 Other Metal Beverage Container Demand by Market 191
SECTION VII -- GLASS BOTTLES
1 Glass Beverage Container Demand by Market 199
2 Glass Beer Bottle Demand 202
3 Glass Wine Bottle Demand 204
4 Other Glass Beverage Bottle Demand by Market 206
SECTION VIII -- PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS
1 Paperboard Beverage Container Demand by Type 216
2 Paperboard Beverage Container Demand by Market 217
3 Paperboard Fruit Beverage Container Demand 220
4 Paperboard Milk Container Demand 222
5 Other Paperboard Beverage Container Demand by Market 226
SECTION IX -- INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
1 US Beverage Container Sales by Company, 2014 230
2 Selected Acquisitions & Divestitures 246
3 Selected Cooperative Agreements 257
LIST OF CHARTS
SECTION II -- MARKET ENVIRONMENT
1 Packaged Beverage Production by Type, 2014 20
SECTION III -- MARKETS
1 Beverage Container Demand by Market, 2014 52
SECTION IV -- CONTAINER OVERVIEW
1 Packaged Beverage Production by Material, 2014
Volume & Units 135
SECTION V -- PLASTIC CONTAINERS
1 Plastic Beverage Container Demand by Market, 2014 151
SECTION VI -- METAL CONTAINERS
1 Metal Beverage Container Demand by Market, 2014 184
SECTION VII -- GLASS BOTTLES
1 Glass Beverage Container Demand by Market, 2014 200
SECTION VIII -- PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS
1 Paperboard Beverage Container Demand by Market, 2014 218
SECTION IX -- INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
1 US Beverage Container Market Share, 2014 235
