Nucleic Acid Aptamers for Diagnostics and Therapeutics: Global Markets
- September 2014
- 122 pages
- BCC Research
An in-depth analysis of the global nucleic acid aptamer market by technologies, applications and geographic regional markets. This report includes key technologies involved, analyzes the capabilities and characteristics of aptamers in comparison with antibodies and lists specific areas where aptamers could find application. Forecasts are provided through 2019.
Use this report to:
- Define and identify key market segments and market structure in the nucleic acid aptamer market.
- Identify major stakeholders, product portfolios and recent developments, and draw a competitive landscape for market leaders.
- Focus exclusively on geographic segmentation. Analyze trends and opportunities in the major regions: North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and the Rest of the World (ROW).
- Analyze the inclination of trends toward advanced aptamer technologies such as SELEX technologies and their scope in various applications.
Highlights
- The global market for nucleic acid aptamers reached $340.5 million in 2014. This market should grow to roughly $610.3 million in 2015 and about $5.4 billion in 2019, with a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 73.5% from 2014 to 2019.
- The enabling technology market reached $200.9 million in 2014. This market should grow to $347.9 million in 2015 and $2.7 billion in 2019, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 68.5%.from 2014 to 2019.
- The diagnostic sensors market reached $139.6 million in 2014. This market should grow to about $262.4 million in 2015 and $2.6 billion in 2019, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 79.8% from 2014 to 2019.
Introduction & Scope
INTRODUCTION
STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVE
- Define and identify key market segments and market structure in the nucleic acid aptamer market.
- Measure and estimate the global nucleic acid aptamer market and its segments, including technology, applications and geographic regions.
- Identify key market dynamics and the factors impacting the global nucleic acid aptamer market and its subsegments.
- Identify the trends, gaps and opportunities in each of the micro markets.
- Focus exclusively on geographic segmentation. Analyze trends and opportunities in the major regions: North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and the Rest of the World
(ROW).
- Identify major stakeholders, product portfolios and recent developments, and draw a competitive landscape for the market leaders.
- Evaluate key patents and clinical trials in aptamer technologies that are expecting early completion.
- Analyze emerging technologies such as aptasensors and fynomers and derive the opportunities available for these technologies.
- Analyze the inclination of trends toward advanced aptamer technologies such as SELEX technologies and their scope in various applications.
SCOPE OF THE REPORT
This research report presents an in-depth analysis of the global nucleic acid aptamer market by technologies, applications and geographic regional markets. It includes key
technologies involved, analyzes the capabilities and characteristics of aptamers in comparison with antibodies and lists specific areas where aptamers could find application. The evolving trends and technological developments in the field of aptamers have been studied in detail. Special emphasis will be given to collaborative efforts, research innovations and investment clinical trials conducted. Patents will be discussed as well. This study also analyzes the aptamer-based drugs that have been developed or are in the pipeline for the treatment of various diseases. Impact analysis of the key drivers and factors affecting or influencing the growth of this market is also included.
The market for aptamer technologies is further categorized into enabling technology, diagnostic sensors and therapeutics. Enabling technology consists of SELEX technology,
modified oligonucleotides, next-generation sequencing, nanoparticles and quantum dot labels, surface plasmon resonance and biolayer interferometry and bioinformatics. In terms of application the market is classified into diagnostics, therapeutics, research, biosensors, biomarker discovery and others. Furthermore, diagnostics-based aptamers are used in environmental monitoring and food and water safety. They are also used for developing aptasensors for sensing small molecules and pathogens. Aptamers also find application in human clinical diagnostic assays for diagnosing diseases such as cancer, infectious diseases and other immunological diseases.
Aptamers are used in therapeutics and research as drug delivery vehicles in cancer, as a modifier of surgical implants and in bioseparation processes. Research areas include
flow cytometry, mass spectrometry and Western blotting; they are also used as reagents and assays and as biosensors and biomarker molecules. The market is segmented by regions into North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and ROW. Companies profiled in this report include Ophthotech Corp., Alimera Sciences, AM Biotechnologies LLC, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Noxxon, Rina Gmbh, Regado Biosciences, Base Pair Biotechnologies Inc., Aptamer Sciences Inc., Aptasol (Aptamer Solutions) Ltd, Isis Pharmaceuticals, Neoventures Biotechnology Inc., Mitsui & Co. (U.S.A.) Inc., Quest Diagnostics, SomaLogic Inc. and Sumitomo Bakelite Co. Ltd.
Use this report to:
- Define and identify key market segments and market structure in the nucleic acid aptamer market.
- Identify major stakeholders, product portfolios and recent developments, and draw a competitive landscape for market leaders.
- Focus exclusively on geographic segmentation. Analyze trends and opportunities in the major regions: North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and the Rest of the World (ROW).
- Analyze the inclination of trends toward advanced aptamer technologies such as SELEX technologies and their scope in various applications.
Highlights
- The global market for nucleic acid aptamers reached $340.5 million in 2014. This market should grow to roughly $610.3 million in 2015 and about $5.4 billion in 2019, with a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 73.5% from 2014 to 2019.
- The enabling technology market reached $200.9 million in 2014. This market should grow to $347.9 million in 2015 and $2.7 billion in 2019, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 68.5%.from 2014 to 2019.
- The diagnostic sensors market reached $139.6 million in 2014. This market should grow to about $262.4 million in 2015 and $2.6 billion in 2019, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 79.8% from 2014 to 2019.
Introduction & Scope
INTRODUCTION
STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVE
- Define and identify key market segments and market structure in the nucleic acid aptamer market.
- Measure and estimate the global nucleic acid aptamer market and its segments, including technology, applications and geographic regions.
- Identify key market dynamics and the factors impacting the global nucleic acid aptamer market and its subsegments.
- Identify the trends, gaps and opportunities in each of the micro markets.
- Focus exclusively on geographic segmentation. Analyze trends and opportunities in the major regions: North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and the Rest of the World
(ROW).
- Identify major stakeholders, product portfolios and recent developments, and draw a competitive landscape for the market leaders.
- Evaluate key patents and clinical trials in aptamer technologies that are expecting early completion.
- Analyze emerging technologies such as aptasensors and fynomers and derive the opportunities available for these technologies.
- Analyze the inclination of trends toward advanced aptamer technologies such as SELEX technologies and their scope in various applications.
SCOPE OF THE REPORT
This research report presents an in-depth analysis of the global nucleic acid aptamer market by technologies, applications and geographic regional markets. It includes key
technologies involved, analyzes the capabilities and characteristics of aptamers in comparison with antibodies and lists specific areas where aptamers could find application. The evolving trends and technological developments in the field of aptamers have been studied in detail. Special emphasis will be given to collaborative efforts, research innovations and investment clinical trials conducted. Patents will be discussed as well. This study also analyzes the aptamer-based drugs that have been developed or are in the pipeline for the treatment of various diseases. Impact analysis of the key drivers and factors affecting or influencing the growth of this market is also included.
The market for aptamer technologies is further categorized into enabling technology, diagnostic sensors and therapeutics. Enabling technology consists of SELEX technology,
modified oligonucleotides, next-generation sequencing, nanoparticles and quantum dot labels, surface plasmon resonance and biolayer interferometry and bioinformatics. In terms of application the market is classified into diagnostics, therapeutics, research, biosensors, biomarker discovery and others. Furthermore, diagnostics-based aptamers are used in environmental monitoring and food and water safety. They are also used for developing aptasensors for sensing small molecules and pathogens. Aptamers also find application in human clinical diagnostic assays for diagnosing diseases such as cancer, infectious diseases and other immunological diseases.
Aptamers are used in therapeutics and research as drug delivery vehicles in cancer, as a modifier of surgical implants and in bioseparation processes. Research areas include
flow cytometry, mass spectrometry and Western blotting; they are also used as reagents and assays and as biosensors and biomarker molecules. The market is segmented by regions into North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and ROW. Companies profiled in this report include Ophthotech Corp., Alimera Sciences, AM Biotechnologies LLC, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Noxxon, Rina Gmbh, Regado Biosciences, Base Pair Biotechnologies Inc., Aptamer Sciences Inc., Aptasol (Aptamer Solutions) Ltd, Isis Pharmaceuticals, Neoventures Biotechnology Inc., Mitsui & Co. (U.S.A.) Inc., Quest Diagnostics, SomaLogic Inc. and Sumitomo Bakelite Co. Ltd.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 2
STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVE 2
SCOPE OF THE REPORT 2
INTENDED AUDIENCE 3
INFORMATION AND METHODOLOGY SOURCES 3
ANALYST'S CREDENTIALS 4
RELATED BCC RESEARCH REPORTS 4
BCC RESEARCH WEBSITE 4
DISCLAIMER 4
CHAPTER 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6
SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 7
SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY
TECHNOLOGY, 2013-2019 ($ MILLIONS) 7
CHAPTER 3 OVERVIEW 10
INTRODUCTION 10
FIGURE 1 SERVICE OFFERED UNDER APTAMER TECHNOLOGIES 10
INCLINATION OF NANOPORE SENSORS TOWARD APTAMER TECHNOLOGY 10
APPLICATIONS OF NANOPORES IN DNA SEQUENCING 11
APPLICATION OF NANOPORES AS GENERAL BIOSENSORS 11
CMOS APPLICATION IN NANOPORE AND APTAMER TECHNOLOGIES 11
POTENTIAL OF FYNOMER TECHNOLOGY 12
TENASCIN-C APTAMERS 12
SMART APTAMERS 13
BLOOD PROTEIN DETECTION METHOD BASED UPON APTAMER 14
IMPROVED AND EFFICIENT POTENTIAL OF NUCLEIC ACID-BASED APTAMER
LIBRARIES PATTERNED TO FORM IMPROVED SECONDARY STRUCTURE 15
NUCLEIC ACID-BASED APTAMERS AGAINST PROTEASES 15
NUCLEIC ACID-BASED APTAMER SELECTION FOR MONITORING GENE
EXPRESSION USING BETA-GLUCURONIDASE 16
NUCLEIC ACID-BASED APTAMER THAT BINDS TO BISPHENOL A SPECIFICALLY 16
APTAMERS VS. ANTIBODIES 17
TABLE 1 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN APTAMERS AND ANTIBODIES 17
APTAMER CLASSIFICATION 18
NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS 18
PEPTIDE APTAMERS 19
FIGURE 2 APPLICATIONS OF PEPTIDE APTAMERS 19
APTAMERS AS AFFINITY REAGENTS 20
APTAMERS AS MOLECULAR PROBES 20
APTAMERS IN CYTOMICS ANALYSIS 20
APTAMERS AS DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC AGENTS FOR LYMPHOMA 21
APTAMER SYNTHESIS AND MODIFICATIONS 21
APPLICATION IN DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPEUTICS 22
ADVANTAGES OF APTAMERS 22
HIGHER STABILITY OF APTAMERS 23
PRODUCTION OF APTAMERS (MODIFICATION/SYNTHESIS) 23
IMMUNOGENICITY OF APTAMERS 24
VARIETY OF TARGETS 24
PORTER'S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS OF THE NUCLEIC ACID APTAMER MARKET 24
FIGURE 3 PORTER'S FIVE FORCE MODEL OF THE NUCLEIC ACID APTAMER
TECHNOLOGY MARKET 24
BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS-LOW 25
BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS-HIGH 25
INTENSITY OF COMPETITION-HIGH 26
THREAT OF SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS-HIGH 26
THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS-HIGH 26
GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS AND LEGISLATION 27
REGULATORY CHALLENGES IN THE UNITED STATES AND EUROPE 27
TABLE 2 ICH* GUIDELINES APPLICABLE TO THERAPEUTICS BASED UPON
SYNTHETIC OLIGONUCLEOTIDES 28
Guidelines for Reimbursement 28
Documentation Requirements 30
TABLE 3 MACUGEN (PEGAPTANIB SODIUM) CODES FOR REIMBURSEMENT 30
FIGURE 4 HISTORICAL MILESTONE FOR MACUGEN (PEGAPTANIB SODIUM)
REIMBURSEMENT PROGRAM 30
CLINICAL TRIALS COMPLETED 31
TABLE 4 CLINICAL TRIALS OF APTAMER RESEARCH (COMPLETED) 32
CLINICAL TRIALS TERMINATED 33
TABLE 5 CLINICAL TRIALS OF APTAMER RESEARCH (TERMINATED) 34
CLINICAL TRIALS IN PROGRESS 34
TABLE 6 CLINICAL TRIALS OF APTAMER RESEARCH (IN PROGRESS) 35
MARKET DYNAMICS 36
DRIVERS 36
Scope of Applications for Nucleic Acid-based Aptamer Technology 36
Therapeutics 36
Diagnostics 37
Research 37
Advantages of Aptamers Make Them a Novel Approach for Different
Applications 38
Aptamer Significance over Antibodies 38
Increasing Number/Frequency of Clinical Trials 39
RESTRAINTS 40
OPPORTUNITIES 40
CHAPTER 4 NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS MARKET BY TECHNOLOGIES 42
TABLE 7 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY TECHNOLOGIES,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 42
ENABLING TECHNOLOGY 42
TABLE 8 GLOBAL MARKET FOR ENABLING TECHNOLOGY BY TYPE, THROUGH 2019
($ MILLIONS) 42
SELEX TECHNOLOGY 43
TABLE 9 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SELEX TECHNOLOGY BY REGION, THROUGH 2019
($ MILLIONS) 43
General SELEX Technology 43
FIGURE 5 PROCESS OF GENERAL SELEX TECHNOLOGY 44
SELEX Process Based upon Nitrocellulose Membrane Filtration 44
SELEX Process Based upon Magnetic Bead and Affinity
Chromatography 45
FIGURE 6 SELEX PROCESS BASED UPON MAGNETIC BEAD AND AFFINITY
CHROMATOGRAPHY 45
SELEX Based upon Capillary Electrophoresis 45
FIGURE 7 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE OF CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS 45
SELEX Based upon Microfluidics 46
MODIFIED OLIGONUCLEOTIDES 46
TABLE 10 GLOBAL MARKET FOR MODIFIED OLIGONUCLEOTIDES TECHNOLOGY BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 47
OLIGONUCLEOTIDES SYNTHESIS 47
TABLE 11 GLOBAL MARKET FOR OLIGONUCLEOTIDES SYNTHESIS TECHNOLOGY BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 47
NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING 48
TABLE 12 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING TECHNOLOGY
BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 48
NANOPARTICLES AND QUANTUM DOT LABELS 48
TABLE 13 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NANOPARTICLES AND QUANTUM DOT LABELS
TECHNOLOGY BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 49
SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE AND BIOLAYER INTERFEROMETRY 49
TABLE 14 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE AND BIOLAYER
INTERFEROMETRY TECHNOLOGY BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 50
BIOINFORMATICS 50
TABLE 15 GLOBAL MARKET FOR BIOINFORMATICS TECHNOLOGY BY REGION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 50
APTAMERS AS DIAGNOSTIC SENSORS 51
TABLE 16 GLOBAL MARKET FOR DIAGNOSTIC SENSORS TECHNOLOGY BY TYPE,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 51
TABLE 17 GLOBAL MARKET FOR DIAGNOSTIC SENSORS TECHNOLOGY BY REGION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 51
SENSOR PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES 52
TABLE 18 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SENSOR PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES BY REGION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 52
SELF-REPORTING SENSORS 53
TABLE 19 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SELF-REPORTING SENSORS BY REGION, THROUGH
2019 ($ MILLIONS) 53
TRENDS IN APTAMERS AS DIAGNOSTICS 53
APTAMERS AS THERAPEUTICS 54
APTAMERS AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE 54
APTAMERS AS TARGETING AGENTS 54
APTAMER MODIFICATIONS 55
CAPTAMERS 55
WHOLE CELL SELEX 55
VEGF APTAMERS 56
CHAPTER 5 NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS MARKET BY APPLICATION 58
TABLE 20 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 58
FIGURE 8 APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS 58
APPLICATION OF APTAMERS AS DIAGNOSTICS 59
TABLE 21 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS MARKET
BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 59
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING, FOOD AND WATER SAFETY 59
Aptasensors in Opposition to Small Molecules 61
Aptasensors against Antibiotics 61
Chloramphenicol (Cam) 61
Tetracycline 61
Aminoglycoside 62
Aptasensors against Toxins 62
Aptasensors against Contaminants Present in Food Packaging 63
Aptasensors against Heavy Metals 63
Aptasensors against Pesticides 63
Aptasensors in Opposition to Pathogens 64
Viruses 64
Bacteria 64
HUMAN CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC ASSAYS 65
APTAMER-BASED DIAGNOSTICS FOR INFLUENZA VIRUSES IN HUMANS 65
APTAMER-BASED CLINICAL BIOMARKER ASSAYS 65
APTAMER-BASED COLORIMETRIC ASSAY FOR DETECTING CANCER CELLS 66
APPLICATION OF APTAMERS IN VETERINARY DIAGNOSTICS 66
APPLICATION OF APTAMERS AS THERAPEUTICS 67
TABLE 22 APTAMERS AS TARGETS OF THERAPEUTIC INTEREST 67
TABLE 23 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS MARKET
BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 69
DRUG DELIVERY VEHICLES IN CANCER 69
NANOPARTICLE-BASED DRUG DELIVERY VEHICLES 70
PROSTATE CANCER TARGETING APTAMER 70
LEUKEMIA TARGETING APTAMER 71
NUCLEOLIN TARGETING APTAMER 71
OTHER TARGETING APTAMERS 71
DNA APTAMER–MICELLE-BASED DRUG DELIVERY VEHICLE 71
APTAMER-LIPOSOME BASED DRUG DELIVERY VEHICLE 72
DNA-APTAMER-BASED CARGOES AS DRUG DELIVERY VEHICLES IN CANCER 72
TABLE 24 APTAMERS WITH THEIR CARGOES AND INTERNALIZED TARGETS ON
CANCER CELLS 72
Endocytic Pathway Driven by Aptamer-cargoes 74
MODIFIERS OF SURGICAL IMPLANTS 74
BIOSEPARATION PROCESSES 74
TABLE 25 APTAMER-BASED SEPARATION USED IN AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY 75
APPLICATION OF APTAMERS IN RESEARCH 75
TABLE 26 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS RESEARCH APPLICATIONS MARKET BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 76
FLOW CYTOMETRY 76
MASS SPECTROMETRY 77
WESTERN BLOTTING 77
REAGENTS AND ASSAYS 77
APPLICATION OF APTAMERS AS BIOSENSORS 78
TABLE 27 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BIOSENSORAPPLICATIONS MARKET
BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 79
APTAMERS FOR SMALL MOLECULE TARGETS REGARDING FOOD SAFETY 80
TABLE 28 APTAMERS AND APTAMERS-BASED BIOSENSOR FOR TARGETS
CONTAINING SMALL MOLECULES 80
Antibiotics 81
Mycotoxins 82
Heavy Metals 82
APTAMERS FOR FOOD PATHOGENS RELATED TO SAFETY 82
TABLE 29 APTAMER-BASED BIOSENSORS FOR MACROMOLECULAR TARGETS AND
PATHOGENS 83
Bacteria 84
Viruses 84
Other Macromolecular Targets 84
APPLICATION IN BIOMARKERS DISCOVERY 85
TABLE 30 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMER BIOMARKERS DISCOVERY
APPLICATIONS MARKET BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 85
CHAPTER 6 NUCLEIC ACID APTAMER MARKET BY REGION 87
TABLE 31 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY REGION, THROUGH
2019 ($ MILLIONS) 87
NORTH AMERICA 87
TABLE 32 NORTH AMERICA MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 88
EUROPE 88
TABLE 33 EUROPE MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 89
ASIA-PACIFIC 89
TABLE 34 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 90
ROW 90
TABLE 35 ROW MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 91
CHAPTER 7 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 93
FIGURE 9 KEY COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES BY TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT, 2010-2014
(PERCENT) 93
CLINICAL TRIALS 94
FIGURE 10 CLINICAL TRIALS BY COMPANIES, 2010-2014 (NUMBER) 95
TABLE 36 CLINICAL TRIALS BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 96
COLLABORATION 97
FIGURE 11 COLLABORATION STRATEGY BY APPLICATION, 2010-2014 (NUMBER) 97
TABLE 37 COLLABORATIONS BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 98
AGREEMENTS 99
FIGURE 12 AGREEMENT STRATEGY BY COMPANIES, 2010-2014 (%) 100
TABLE 38 AGREEMENTS BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 100
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 101
FIGURE 13 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY BY COMPANIES, 2010-2014
(NUMBER) 102
TABLE 39 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 102
CHAPTER 8 PATENT ANALYSIS 105
FIGURE 14 PATENTS REGISTERED/APPROVED BY REGION, 2011-2014 (PERCENT) 105
U.S. PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT 106
FIGURE 15 U.S. PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT, 2011-2014 (%) 106
EUROPE PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT 107
FIGURE 16 EUROPE PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT, -2011-2014
(NUMBER/%) 107
JAPAN PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT 108
FIGURE 17 JAPAN PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT, 2011-2014 (%) 108
CHAPTER 9 COMPANY PROFILES 111
ALIMERA SCIENCES 111
TABLE 40 ALIMERA SCIENCES FINANCIALS, 2012 AND 2013 ($ MILLIONS) 111
ALNYLAM PHARMACEUTICALS 111
TABLE 41 ALNYLAM PHARMACEUTICALS FINANCIALS, 2011 AND 2012 ($ MILLIONS) 112
AM BIOTECHNOLOGIES LLC 112
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 112
APTAGEN LLC 113
APTAMATRIX INC 113
APTAMER SCIENCES INC. 113
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 114
TABLE 42 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF APTAMER SCIENCES INC. 114
APTARES AG 114
APTASOL (APTAMER SOLUTIONS) LTD 115
APTAMER PRODUCT AND SERVICES OVERVIEW 115
TABLE 43 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF APTASOL (APTAMER SOLUTIONS) LTD 116
APTUS BIOTECH SL 116
BASE PAIR BIOTECHNOLOGIES INC. 116
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 117
TABLE 44 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF BASE PAIR BIOTECHNOLOGIES INC. 117
ISIS PHARMACEUTICALS 118
LUCERNA INC 118
MITSUI & CO. (U.S.A.) INC.. 118
TABLE 45 MITSUI & CO. (U.S.A.) INC. FINANCIALS, 2013 AND 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 119
NEOVENTURES BIOTECHNOLOGY INC 119
APTAMERS PRODUCT AND APPLICATIONS OVERVIEW 119
TABLE 46 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF NEOVENTURES BIOTECHNOLOGY INC 120
NOXXON PHARMA AG 120
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 120
TABLE 47 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF NOXXON 121
OPHTHOTECH CORP. 121
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 122
TABLE 48 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF OPHTHOTECH CORP. 122
OTC BIOTECH 122
PFIZER 123
TABLE 49 PFIZER FINANCIALS, 201-2013 ($ MILLIONS) 123
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS 123
TABLE 50 QUEST DIAGNOSTICS FINANCIALS, 2011-2013 ($ MILLIONS) 124
REGADO BIOSCIENCES 124
TABLE 51 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF REGADO BIOSCIENCES 124
RINA GMBH 125
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 125
TABLE 52 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF RINA GMBH 126
SOMALOGIC INC. 126
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 126
TABLE 53 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF SOMALOGIC INC. 127
SUMITOMO BAKELITE CO. LTD. 127
TABLE 54 SUMITOMO BAKELITE CO LTD FINANCIALS, 2011-2014 ($ MILLIONS) 128
CHAPTER 10 APPENDIX 130
LIST OF PATENTS: NORTH AMERICA 130
TABLE 55 LIST OF PATENTS: NORTH AMERICA 130
LIST OF PATENTS: EUROPE 131
TABLE 56 LIST OF PATENTS: EUROPE 131
LIST OF PATENTS: JAPAN 132
TABLE 57 LIST OF PATENTS: JAPAN 132
LIST OF TABLES
SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 7
TABLE 1 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN APTAMERS AND ANTIBODIES 17
TABLE 2 ICH* GUIDELINES APPLICABLE TO THERAPEUTICS BASED UPON SYNTHETIC
OLIGONUCLEOTIDES 28
TABLE 3 MACUGEN (PEGAPTANIB SODIUM) CODES FOR REIMBURSEMENT 30
TABLE 4 CLINICAL TRIALS OF APTAMER RESEARCH (COMPLETED) 32
TABLE 5 CLINICAL TRIALS OF APTAMER RESEARCH (TERMINATED) 34
TABLE 6 CLINICAL TRIALS OF APTAMER RESEARCH (IN PROGRESS) 35
TABLE 7 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY TECHNOLOGIES,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 42
TABLE 8 GLOBAL MARKET FOR ENABLING TECHNOLOGY BY TYPE, THROUGH 2019 ($
MILLIONS) 42
TABLE 9 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SELEX TECHNOLOGY BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($
MILLIONS) 43
TABLE 10 GLOBAL MARKET FOR MODIFIED OLIGONUCLEOTIDES TECHNOLOGY BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 47
TABLE 11 GLOBAL MARKET FOR OLIGONUCLEOTIDES SYNTHESIS TECHNOLOGY BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 47
TABLE 12 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING TECHNOLOGY BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 48
TABLE 13 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NANOPARTICLES AND QUANTUM DOT LABELS
TECHNOLOGY BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 49
TABLE 14 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE AND BIOLAYER
INTERFEROMETRY TECHNOLOGY BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 50
TABLE 15 GLOBAL MARKET FOR BIOINFORMATICS TECHNOLOGY BY REGION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 50
TABLE 16 GLOBAL MARKET FOR DIAGNOSTIC SENSORS TECHNOLOGY BY TYPE,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 51
TABLE 17 GLOBAL MARKET FOR DIAGNOSTIC SENSORS TECHNOLOGY BY REGION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 51
TABLE 18 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SENSOR PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES BY REGION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 52
TABLE 19 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SELF-REPORTING SENSORS BY REGION, THROUGH
2019 ($ MILLIONS) 53
TABLE 20 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 58
TABLE 21 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS MARKET
BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 59
TABLE 22 APTAMERS AS TARGETS OF THERAPEUTIC INTEREST 67
TABLE 23 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS MARKET
BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 69
TABLE 24 APTAMERS WITH THEIR CARGOES AND INTERNALIZED TARGETS ON
CANCER CELLS 72
TABLE 25 APTAMER-BASED SEPARATION USED IN AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY 75
TABLE 26 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS RESEARCH APPLICATIONS MARKET BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 76
TABLE 27 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BIOSENSORAPPLICATIONS MARKET BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 79
TABLE 28 APTAMERS AND APTAMERS-BASED BIOSENSOR FOR TARGETS
CONTAINING SMALL MOLECULES 80
TABLE 29 APTAMER-BASED BIOSENSORS FOR MACROMOLECULAR TARGETS AND
PATHOGENS 83
TABLE 30 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMER BIOMARKERS DISCOVERY APPLICATIONS
MARKET BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 85
TABLE 31 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY REGION, THROUGH
2019 ($ MILLIONS) 87
TABLE 32 NORTH AMERICA MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 88
TABLE 33 EUROPE MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 89
TABLE 34 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 90
TABLE 35 ROW MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH
2019 ($ MILLIONS) 91
TABLE 36 CLINICAL TRIALS BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 96
TABLE 37 COLLABORATIONS BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 98
TABLE 38 AGREEMENTS BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 100
TABLE 39 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 102
TABLE 40 ALIMERA SCIENCES FINANCIALS, 2012 AND 2013 ($ MILLIONS) 111
TABLE 41 ALNYLAM PHARMACEUTICALS FINANCIALS, 2011 AND 2012 ($ MILLIONS) 112
TABLE 42 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF APTAMER SCIENCES INC. 114
TABLE 43 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF APTASOL (APTAMER SOLUTIONS) LTD 116
TABLE 44 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF BASE PAIR BIOTECHNOLOGIES INC. 117
TABLE 45 MITSUI & CO. (U.S.A.) INC. FINANCIALS, 2013 AND 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 119
TABLE 46 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF NEOVENTURES BIOTECHNOLOGY INC 120
TABLE 47 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF NOXXON 121
TABLE 48 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF OPHTHOTECH CORP. 122
TABLE 49 PFIZER FINANCIALS, 201-2013 ($ MILLIONS) 123
TABLE 50 QUEST DIAGNOSTICS FINANCIALS, 2011-2013 ($ MILLIONS) 124
TABLE 51 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF REGADO BIOSCIENCES 124
TABLE 52 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF RINA GMBH 126
TABLE 53 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF SOMALOGIC INC. 127
TABLE 54 SUMITOMO BAKELITE CO LTD FINANCIALS, 2011-2014 ($ MILLIONS) 128
TABLE 55 LIST OF PATENTS: NORTH AMERICA 130
TABLE 56 LIST OF PATENTS: EUROPE 131
TABLE 57 LIST OF PATENTS: JAPAN 132
LIST OF FIGURES
SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY TECHNOLOGY,
2013-2019 ($ MILLIONS) 7
FIGURE 1 SERVICE OFFERED UNDER APTAMER TECHNOLOGIES 10
FIGURE 2 APPLICATIONS OF PEPTIDE APTAMERS 19
FIGURE 3 PORTER'S FIVE FORCE MODEL OF THE NUCLEIC ACID APTAMER
TECHNOLOGY MARKET 24
FIGURE 4 HISTORICAL MILESTONE FOR MACUGEN (PEGAPTANIB SODIUM)
REIMBURSEMENT PROGRAM 30
FIGURE 5 PROCESS OF GENERAL SELEX TECHNOLOGY 44
FIGURE 6 SELEX PROCESS BASED UPON MAGNETIC BEAD AND AFFINITY
CHROMATOGRAPHY 45
FIGURE 7 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE OF CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS 45
FIGURE 8 APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS 58
FIGURE 9 KEY COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES BY TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT, 2010-2014
(PERCENT) 93
FIGURE 10 CLINICAL TRIALS BY COMPANIES, 2010-2014 (NUMBER) 95
FIGURE 11 COLLABORATION STRATEGY BY APPLICATION, 2010-2014 (NUMBER) 97
FIGURE 12 AGREEMENT STRATEGY BY COMPANIES, 2010-2014 (%) 100
FIGURE 13 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY BY COMPANIES, 2010-2014
(NUMBER) 102
FIGURE 14 PATENTS REGISTERED/APPROVED BY REGION, 2011-2014 (PERCENT) 105
FIGURE 15 U.S. PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT, 2011-2014 (%) 106
FIGURE 16 EUROPE PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT, -2011-2014
(NUMBER/%) 107
FIGURE 17 JAPAN PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT, 2011-2014 (%) 108
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 2
STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVE 2
SCOPE OF THE REPORT 2
INTENDED AUDIENCE 3
INFORMATION AND METHODOLOGY SOURCES 3
ANALYST'S CREDENTIALS 4
RELATED BCC RESEARCH REPORTS 4
BCC RESEARCH WEBSITE 4
DISCLAIMER 4
CHAPTER 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6
SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY
TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 7
SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY
TECHNOLOGY, 2013-2019 ($ MILLIONS) 7
CHAPTER 3 OVERVIEW 10
INTRODUCTION 10
FIGURE 1 SERVICE OFFERED UNDER APTAMER TECHNOLOGIES 10
INCLINATION OF NANOPORE SENSORS TOWARD APTAMER TECHNOLOGY 10
APPLICATIONS OF NANOPORES IN DNA SEQUENCING 11
APPLICATION OF NANOPORES AS GENERAL BIOSENSORS 11
CMOS APPLICATION IN NANOPORE AND APTAMER TECHNOLOGIES 11
POTENTIAL OF FYNOMER TECHNOLOGY 12
TENASCIN-C APTAMERS 12
SMART APTAMERS 13
BLOOD PROTEIN DETECTION METHOD BASED UPON APTAMER 14
IMPROVED AND EFFICIENT POTENTIAL OF NUCLEIC ACID-BASED APTAMER
LIBRARIES PATTERNED TO FORM IMPROVED SECONDARY STRUCTURE 15
NUCLEIC ACID-BASED APTAMERS AGAINST PROTEASES 15
NUCLEIC ACID-BASED APTAMER SELECTION FOR MONITORING GENE
EXPRESSION USING BETA-GLUCURONIDASE 16
NUCLEIC ACID-BASED APTAMER THAT BINDS TO BISPHENOL A SPECIFICALLY 16
APTAMERS VS. ANTIBODIES 17
TABLE 1 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN APTAMERS AND ANTIBODIES 17
APTAMER CLASSIFICATION 18
NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS 18
PEPTIDE APTAMERS 19
FIGURE 2 APPLICATIONS OF PEPTIDE APTAMERS 19
APTAMERS AS AFFINITY REAGENTS 20
APTAMERS AS MOLECULAR PROBES 20
APTAMERS IN CYTOMICS ANALYSIS 20
APTAMERS AS DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC AGENTS FOR LYMPHOMA 21
APTAMER SYNTHESIS AND MODIFICATIONS 21
APPLICATION IN DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPEUTICS 22
ADVANTAGES OF APTAMERS 22
HIGHER STABILITY OF APTAMERS 23
PRODUCTION OF APTAMERS (MODIFICATION/SYNTHESIS) 23
IMMUNOGENICITY OF APTAMERS 24
VARIETY OF TARGETS 24
PORTER'S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS OF THE NUCLEIC ACID APTAMER MARKET 24
FIGURE 3 PORTER'S FIVE FORCE MODEL OF THE NUCLEIC ACID APTAMER
TECHNOLOGY MARKET 24
BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS-LOW 25
BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS-HIGH 25
INTENSITY OF COMPETITION-HIGH 26
THREAT OF SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS-HIGH 26
THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS-HIGH 26
GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS AND LEGISLATION 27
REGULATORY CHALLENGES IN THE UNITED STATES AND EUROPE 27
TABLE 2 ICH* GUIDELINES APPLICABLE TO THERAPEUTICS BASED UPON
SYNTHETIC OLIGONUCLEOTIDES 28
Guidelines for Reimbursement 28
Documentation Requirements 30
TABLE 3 MACUGEN (PEGAPTANIB SODIUM) CODES FOR REIMBURSEMENT 30
FIGURE 4 HISTORICAL MILESTONE FOR MACUGEN (PEGAPTANIB SODIUM)
REIMBURSEMENT PROGRAM 30
CLINICAL TRIALS COMPLETED 31
TABLE 4 CLINICAL TRIALS OF APTAMER RESEARCH (COMPLETED) 32
CLINICAL TRIALS TERMINATED 33
TABLE 5 CLINICAL TRIALS OF APTAMER RESEARCH (TERMINATED) 34
CLINICAL TRIALS IN PROGRESS 34
TABLE 6 CLINICAL TRIALS OF APTAMER RESEARCH (IN PROGRESS) 35
MARKET DYNAMICS 36
DRIVERS 36
Scope of Applications for Nucleic Acid-based Aptamer Technology 36
Therapeutics 36
Diagnostics 37
Research 37
Advantages of Aptamers Make Them a Novel Approach for Different
Applications 38
Aptamer Significance over Antibodies 38
Increasing Number/Frequency of Clinical Trials 39
RESTRAINTS 40
OPPORTUNITIES 40
CHAPTER 4 NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS MARKET BY TECHNOLOGIES 42
TABLE 7 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY TECHNOLOGIES,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 42
ENABLING TECHNOLOGY 42
TABLE 8 GLOBAL MARKET FOR ENABLING TECHNOLOGY BY TYPE, THROUGH 2019
($ MILLIONS) 42
SELEX TECHNOLOGY 43
TABLE 9 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SELEX TECHNOLOGY BY REGION, THROUGH 2019
($ MILLIONS) 43
General SELEX Technology 43
FIGURE 5 PROCESS OF GENERAL SELEX TECHNOLOGY 44
SELEX Process Based upon Nitrocellulose Membrane Filtration 44
SELEX Process Based upon Magnetic Bead and Affinity
Chromatography 45
FIGURE 6 SELEX PROCESS BASED UPON MAGNETIC BEAD AND AFFINITY
CHROMATOGRAPHY 45
SELEX Based upon Capillary Electrophoresis 45
FIGURE 7 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE OF CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS 45
SELEX Based upon Microfluidics 46
MODIFIED OLIGONUCLEOTIDES 46
TABLE 10 GLOBAL MARKET FOR MODIFIED OLIGONUCLEOTIDES TECHNOLOGY BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 47
OLIGONUCLEOTIDES SYNTHESIS 47
TABLE 11 GLOBAL MARKET FOR OLIGONUCLEOTIDES SYNTHESIS TECHNOLOGY BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 47
NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING 48
TABLE 12 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING TECHNOLOGY
BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 48
NANOPARTICLES AND QUANTUM DOT LABELS 48
TABLE 13 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NANOPARTICLES AND QUANTUM DOT LABELS
TECHNOLOGY BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 49
SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE AND BIOLAYER INTERFEROMETRY 49
TABLE 14 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE AND BIOLAYER
INTERFEROMETRY TECHNOLOGY BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 50
BIOINFORMATICS 50
TABLE 15 GLOBAL MARKET FOR BIOINFORMATICS TECHNOLOGY BY REGION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 50
APTAMERS AS DIAGNOSTIC SENSORS 51
TABLE 16 GLOBAL MARKET FOR DIAGNOSTIC SENSORS TECHNOLOGY BY TYPE,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 51
TABLE 17 GLOBAL MARKET FOR DIAGNOSTIC SENSORS TECHNOLOGY BY REGION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 51
SENSOR PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES 52
TABLE 18 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SENSOR PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES BY REGION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 52
SELF-REPORTING SENSORS 53
TABLE 19 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SELF-REPORTING SENSORS BY REGION, THROUGH
2019 ($ MILLIONS) 53
TRENDS IN APTAMERS AS DIAGNOSTICS 53
APTAMERS AS THERAPEUTICS 54
APTAMERS AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE 54
APTAMERS AS TARGETING AGENTS 54
APTAMER MODIFICATIONS 55
CAPTAMERS 55
WHOLE CELL SELEX 55
VEGF APTAMERS 56
CHAPTER 5 NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS MARKET BY APPLICATION 58
TABLE 20 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 58
FIGURE 8 APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS 58
APPLICATION OF APTAMERS AS DIAGNOSTICS 59
TABLE 21 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS MARKET
BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 59
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING, FOOD AND WATER SAFETY 59
Aptasensors in Opposition to Small Molecules 61
Aptasensors against Antibiotics 61
Chloramphenicol (Cam) 61
Tetracycline 61
Aminoglycoside 62
Aptasensors against Toxins 62
Aptasensors against Contaminants Present in Food Packaging 63
Aptasensors against Heavy Metals 63
Aptasensors against Pesticides 63
Aptasensors in Opposition to Pathogens 64
Viruses 64
Bacteria 64
HUMAN CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC ASSAYS 65
APTAMER-BASED DIAGNOSTICS FOR INFLUENZA VIRUSES IN HUMANS 65
APTAMER-BASED CLINICAL BIOMARKER ASSAYS 65
APTAMER-BASED COLORIMETRIC ASSAY FOR DETECTING CANCER CELLS 66
APPLICATION OF APTAMERS IN VETERINARY DIAGNOSTICS 66
APPLICATION OF APTAMERS AS THERAPEUTICS 67
TABLE 22 APTAMERS AS TARGETS OF THERAPEUTIC INTEREST 67
TABLE 23 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS MARKET
BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 69
DRUG DELIVERY VEHICLES IN CANCER 69
NANOPARTICLE-BASED DRUG DELIVERY VEHICLES 70
PROSTATE CANCER TARGETING APTAMER 70
LEUKEMIA TARGETING APTAMER 71
NUCLEOLIN TARGETING APTAMER 71
OTHER TARGETING APTAMERS 71
DNA APTAMER–MICELLE-BASED DRUG DELIVERY VEHICLE 71
APTAMER-LIPOSOME BASED DRUG DELIVERY VEHICLE 72
DNA-APTAMER-BASED CARGOES AS DRUG DELIVERY VEHICLES IN CANCER 72
TABLE 24 APTAMERS WITH THEIR CARGOES AND INTERNALIZED TARGETS ON
CANCER CELLS 72
Endocytic Pathway Driven by Aptamer-cargoes 74
MODIFIERS OF SURGICAL IMPLANTS 74
BIOSEPARATION PROCESSES 74
TABLE 25 APTAMER-BASED SEPARATION USED IN AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY 75
APPLICATION OF APTAMERS IN RESEARCH 75
TABLE 26 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS RESEARCH APPLICATIONS MARKET BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 76
FLOW CYTOMETRY 76
MASS SPECTROMETRY 77
WESTERN BLOTTING 77
REAGENTS AND ASSAYS 77
APPLICATION OF APTAMERS AS BIOSENSORS 78
TABLE 27 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BIOSENSORAPPLICATIONS MARKET
BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 79
APTAMERS FOR SMALL MOLECULE TARGETS REGARDING FOOD SAFETY 80
TABLE 28 APTAMERS AND APTAMERS-BASED BIOSENSOR FOR TARGETS
CONTAINING SMALL MOLECULES 80
Antibiotics 81
Mycotoxins 82
Heavy Metals 82
APTAMERS FOR FOOD PATHOGENS RELATED TO SAFETY 82
TABLE 29 APTAMER-BASED BIOSENSORS FOR MACROMOLECULAR TARGETS AND
PATHOGENS 83
Bacteria 84
Viruses 84
Other Macromolecular Targets 84
APPLICATION IN BIOMARKERS DISCOVERY 85
TABLE 30 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMER BIOMARKERS DISCOVERY
APPLICATIONS MARKET BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 85
CHAPTER 6 NUCLEIC ACID APTAMER MARKET BY REGION 87
TABLE 31 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY REGION, THROUGH
2019 ($ MILLIONS) 87
NORTH AMERICA 87
TABLE 32 NORTH AMERICA MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY
APPLICATION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 88
EUROPE 88
TABLE 33 EUROPE MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 89
ASIA-PACIFIC 89
TABLE 34 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 90
ROW 90
TABLE 35 ROW MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 91
CHAPTER 7 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 93
FIGURE 9 KEY COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES BY TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT, 2010-2014
(PERCENT) 93
CLINICAL TRIALS 94
FIGURE 10 CLINICAL TRIALS BY COMPANIES, 2010-2014 (NUMBER) 95
TABLE 36 CLINICAL TRIALS BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 96
COLLABORATION 97
FIGURE 11 COLLABORATION STRATEGY BY APPLICATION, 2010-2014 (NUMBER) 97
TABLE 37 COLLABORATIONS BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 98
AGREEMENTS 99
FIGURE 12 AGREEMENT STRATEGY BY COMPANIES, 2010-2014 (%) 100
TABLE 38 AGREEMENTS BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 100
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 101
FIGURE 13 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY BY COMPANIES, 2010-2014
(NUMBER) 102
TABLE 39 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 102
CHAPTER 8 PATENT ANALYSIS 105
FIGURE 14 PATENTS REGISTERED/APPROVED BY REGION, 2011-2014 (PERCENT) 105
U.S. PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT 106
FIGURE 15 U.S. PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT, 2011-2014 (%) 106
EUROPE PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT 107
FIGURE 16 EUROPE PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT, -2011-2014
(NUMBER/%) 107
JAPAN PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT 108
FIGURE 17 JAPAN PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT, 2011-2014 (%) 108
CHAPTER 9 COMPANY PROFILES 111
ALIMERA SCIENCES 111
TABLE 40 ALIMERA SCIENCES FINANCIALS, 2012 AND 2013 ($ MILLIONS) 111
ALNYLAM PHARMACEUTICALS 111
TABLE 41 ALNYLAM PHARMACEUTICALS FINANCIALS, 2011 AND 2012 ($ MILLIONS) 112
AM BIOTECHNOLOGIES LLC 112
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 112
APTAGEN LLC 113
APTAMATRIX INC 113
APTAMER SCIENCES INC. 113
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 114
TABLE 42 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF APTAMER SCIENCES INC. 114
APTARES AG 114
APTASOL (APTAMER SOLUTIONS) LTD 115
APTAMER PRODUCT AND SERVICES OVERVIEW 115
TABLE 43 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF APTASOL (APTAMER SOLUTIONS) LTD 116
APTUS BIOTECH SL 116
BASE PAIR BIOTECHNOLOGIES INC. 116
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 117
TABLE 44 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF BASE PAIR BIOTECHNOLOGIES INC. 117
ISIS PHARMACEUTICALS 118
LUCERNA INC 118
MITSUI & CO. (U.S.A.) INC.. 118
TABLE 45 MITSUI & CO. (U.S.A.) INC. FINANCIALS, 2013 AND 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 119
NEOVENTURES BIOTECHNOLOGY INC 119
APTAMERS PRODUCT AND APPLICATIONS OVERVIEW 119
TABLE 46 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF NEOVENTURES BIOTECHNOLOGY INC 120
NOXXON PHARMA AG 120
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 120
TABLE 47 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF NOXXON 121
OPHTHOTECH CORP. 121
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 122
TABLE 48 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF OPHTHOTECH CORP. 122
OTC BIOTECH 122
PFIZER 123
TABLE 49 PFIZER FINANCIALS, 201-2013 ($ MILLIONS) 123
QUEST DIAGNOSTICS 123
TABLE 50 QUEST DIAGNOSTICS FINANCIALS, 2011-2013 ($ MILLIONS) 124
REGADO BIOSCIENCES 124
TABLE 51 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF REGADO BIOSCIENCES 124
RINA GMBH 125
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 125
TABLE 52 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF RINA GMBH 126
SOMALOGIC INC. 126
APTAMER PRODUCT OVERVIEW 126
TABLE 53 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF SOMALOGIC INC. 127
SUMITOMO BAKELITE CO. LTD. 127
TABLE 54 SUMITOMO BAKELITE CO LTD FINANCIALS, 2011-2014 ($ MILLIONS) 128
CHAPTER 10 APPENDIX 130
LIST OF PATENTS: NORTH AMERICA 130
TABLE 55 LIST OF PATENTS: NORTH AMERICA 130
LIST OF PATENTS: EUROPE 131
TABLE 56 LIST OF PATENTS: EUROPE 131
LIST OF PATENTS: JAPAN 132
TABLE 57 LIST OF PATENTS: JAPAN 132
LIST OF TABLES
SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY TECHNOLOGY,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 7
TABLE 1 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN APTAMERS AND ANTIBODIES 17
TABLE 2 ICH* GUIDELINES APPLICABLE TO THERAPEUTICS BASED UPON SYNTHETIC
OLIGONUCLEOTIDES 28
TABLE 3 MACUGEN (PEGAPTANIB SODIUM) CODES FOR REIMBURSEMENT 30
TABLE 4 CLINICAL TRIALS OF APTAMER RESEARCH (COMPLETED) 32
TABLE 5 CLINICAL TRIALS OF APTAMER RESEARCH (TERMINATED) 34
TABLE 6 CLINICAL TRIALS OF APTAMER RESEARCH (IN PROGRESS) 35
TABLE 7 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY TECHNOLOGIES,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 42
TABLE 8 GLOBAL MARKET FOR ENABLING TECHNOLOGY BY TYPE, THROUGH 2019 ($
MILLIONS) 42
TABLE 9 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SELEX TECHNOLOGY BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($
MILLIONS) 43
TABLE 10 GLOBAL MARKET FOR MODIFIED OLIGONUCLEOTIDES TECHNOLOGY BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 47
TABLE 11 GLOBAL MARKET FOR OLIGONUCLEOTIDES SYNTHESIS TECHNOLOGY BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 47
TABLE 12 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING TECHNOLOGY BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 48
TABLE 13 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NANOPARTICLES AND QUANTUM DOT LABELS
TECHNOLOGY BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 49
TABLE 14 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE AND BIOLAYER
INTERFEROMETRY TECHNOLOGY BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 50
TABLE 15 GLOBAL MARKET FOR BIOINFORMATICS TECHNOLOGY BY REGION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 50
TABLE 16 GLOBAL MARKET FOR DIAGNOSTIC SENSORS TECHNOLOGY BY TYPE,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 51
TABLE 17 GLOBAL MARKET FOR DIAGNOSTIC SENSORS TECHNOLOGY BY REGION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 51
TABLE 18 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SENSOR PLATFORM TECHNOLOGIES BY REGION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 52
TABLE 19 GLOBAL MARKET FOR SELF-REPORTING SENSORS BY REGION, THROUGH
2019 ($ MILLIONS) 53
TABLE 20 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 58
TABLE 21 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS MARKET
BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 59
TABLE 22 APTAMERS AS TARGETS OF THERAPEUTIC INTEREST 67
TABLE 23 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS MARKET
BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 69
TABLE 24 APTAMERS WITH THEIR CARGOES AND INTERNALIZED TARGETS ON
CANCER CELLS 72
TABLE 25 APTAMER-BASED SEPARATION USED IN AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY 75
TABLE 26 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS RESEARCH APPLICATIONS MARKET BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 76
TABLE 27 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BIOSENSORAPPLICATIONS MARKET BY
REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 79
TABLE 28 APTAMERS AND APTAMERS-BASED BIOSENSOR FOR TARGETS
CONTAINING SMALL MOLECULES 80
TABLE 29 APTAMER-BASED BIOSENSORS FOR MACROMOLECULAR TARGETS AND
PATHOGENS 83
TABLE 30 GLOBAL NUCLEIC ACID APTAMER BIOMARKERS DISCOVERY APPLICATIONS
MARKET BY REGION, THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 85
TABLE 31 GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY REGION, THROUGH
2019 ($ MILLIONS) 87
TABLE 32 NORTH AMERICA MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 88
TABLE 33 EUROPE MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 89
TABLE 34 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION,
THROUGH 2019 ($ MILLIONS) 90
TABLE 35 ROW MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH
2019 ($ MILLIONS) 91
TABLE 36 CLINICAL TRIALS BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 96
TABLE 37 COLLABORATIONS BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 98
TABLE 38 AGREEMENTS BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 100
TABLE 39 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN 2010 AND 2014 102
TABLE 40 ALIMERA SCIENCES FINANCIALS, 2012 AND 2013 ($ MILLIONS) 111
TABLE 41 ALNYLAM PHARMACEUTICALS FINANCIALS, 2011 AND 2012 ($ MILLIONS) 112
TABLE 42 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF APTAMER SCIENCES INC. 114
TABLE 43 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF APTASOL (APTAMER SOLUTIONS) LTD 116
TABLE 44 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF BASE PAIR BIOTECHNOLOGIES INC. 117
TABLE 45 MITSUI & CO. (U.S.A.) INC. FINANCIALS, 2013 AND 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 119
TABLE 46 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF NEOVENTURES BIOTECHNOLOGY INC 120
TABLE 47 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF NOXXON 121
TABLE 48 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF OPHTHOTECH CORP. 122
TABLE 49 PFIZER FINANCIALS, 201-2013 ($ MILLIONS) 123
TABLE 50 QUEST DIAGNOSTICS FINANCIALS, 2011-2013 ($ MILLIONS) 124
TABLE 51 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF REGADO BIOSCIENCES 124
TABLE 52 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF RINA GMBH 126
TABLE 53 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF SOMALOGIC INC. 127
TABLE 54 SUMITOMO BAKELITE CO LTD FINANCIALS, 2011-2014 ($ MILLIONS) 128
TABLE 55 LIST OF PATENTS: NORTH AMERICA 130
TABLE 56 LIST OF PATENTS: EUROPE 131
TABLE 57 LIST OF PATENTS: JAPAN 132
LIST OF FIGURES
SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL MARKET FOR NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS BY TECHNOLOGY,
2013-2019 ($ MILLIONS) 7
FIGURE 1 SERVICE OFFERED UNDER APTAMER TECHNOLOGIES 10
FIGURE 2 APPLICATIONS OF PEPTIDE APTAMERS 19
FIGURE 3 PORTER'S FIVE FORCE MODEL OF THE NUCLEIC ACID APTAMER
TECHNOLOGY MARKET 24
FIGURE 4 HISTORICAL MILESTONE FOR MACUGEN (PEGAPTANIB SODIUM)
REIMBURSEMENT PROGRAM 30
FIGURE 5 PROCESS OF GENERAL SELEX TECHNOLOGY 44
FIGURE 6 SELEX PROCESS BASED UPON MAGNETIC BEAD AND AFFINITY
CHROMATOGRAPHY 45
FIGURE 7 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE OF CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS 45
FIGURE 8 APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEIC ACID APTAMERS 58
FIGURE 9 KEY COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES BY TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT, 2010-2014
(PERCENT) 93
FIGURE 10 CLINICAL TRIALS BY COMPANIES, 2010-2014 (NUMBER) 95
FIGURE 11 COLLABORATION STRATEGY BY APPLICATION, 2010-2014 (NUMBER) 97
FIGURE 12 AGREEMENT STRATEGY BY COMPANIES, 2010-2014 (%) 100
FIGURE 13 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY BY COMPANIES, 2010-2014
(NUMBER) 102
FIGURE 14 PATENTS REGISTERED/APPROVED BY REGION, 2011-2014 (PERCENT) 105
FIGURE 15 U.S. PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT, 2011-2014 (%) 106
FIGURE 16 EUROPE PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT, -2011-2014
(NUMBER/%) 107
FIGURE 17 JAPAN PATENT ANALYSIS BY MARKET PARTICIPANT, 2011-2014 (%) 108
